1 Edmund Burke, Reflections on the Revolution in France, ed. Frank M. Turner (New Haven, Conn.: Yale University Press, 2003), 19.
2 Peter James Stanlis, Edmund Burke: The Enlightenment and Revolution (Edison, N.J.: Transaction, 1991), 213, citing Edmund Burke, “A Letter to a Noble Lord,” Works, vol. 5 (Boston: Little, Brown, 1904), 186.
3 Ibid.
4 Burke, Reflections on the Revolution in France, 81.
5 Mark Zaretsky, “Senator Cites Kennedy Brothers For Their Inspiration,” New Haven Register, May 26, 2008.
6 Raymond Aron, The Opium of the Intellectuals (New Brunswick, N.J.: Transaction, 2007), 240–41.
7 Wilfred M. McClay, “The Idea of Change in American Politics: Meaningful Concept or Empty Promise?” Heritage Foundation, Oct. 30, 2008, http://www.heritage.org/research/thought/fp21.cfm.
8 Eric Hoffer, The True Believer: Thoughts on the Nature of Mass Movements (New York: Perennial, 2002), 33 (omitting footnote in original).
9 Alexander Bolton, “GOP Preps for Talk Radio Confrontation,” The Hill, June 27, 2007, http://thehill.com/leading-the-news/goppreps-for-talk-radio-confrontation-2007-06-27.html.
10 Senate Bill 215, “Internet Freedom Preservation Act,” sponsored by Byron Dorgan, D-N.D. (to amend the Communications Act of 1934 to establish numerous “neutrality” mandates for broadband service providers). Introduced Jan. 9, 2007. http://www.govtrack.us/congress/bill.xpd?bill=s110-215.
11 C. S. Lewis, God in the Dock: Essays on Theology and Ethics, ed. Walter Hooper (Grand Rapids, Mich.: Eerdmans, 1994), 292.
3: ON FAITH AND THE FOUNDING
1 Anthony Flew, There Is a God: How the World’s Most Notorious Atheist Changed His Mind (New York: HarperCollins, 2007).
2 Edmund Burke, Selected Writings and Speeches (Washington, D.C.: Gateway, 1997).
3 Edmund Burke, “Speech on Impeachment of Warren Hastings,” May 28, 1794, http://www.notable-quotes.com/b/burke_edmund.html.
4 Alexis de Tocqueville, Democracy in America, 4th ed., vol. 2 (New York: Langley, 1841), 23.
5 Sharon Otterman, “Islam: Governing Under Sharia,” backgrounder, Council on Foreign Relations, March 14, 2005, http://www.cfr.org/publication/8034/#2.
6 Everson v. Board of Ed. of Ewing, 330 U.S. 1, 16 (1947).
7 Everson v. Board of Ed. of Ewing, 18.
8 Gerald T. Dunne, Hugo Black and the Judicial Revolution (New York: Simon and Schuster, 1977), 269, quoting Hugo Black, Jr., My Father (New York: Random House, 1975), 104.
9 Wallace v. Jaffree, 472 U.S. 38, 107 (1985) (Rehnquist, J., dissenting).
10 Thomas G. West, “The Theology of the United States,” Claremont Institute, Dec. 1, 2006, http://www.claremont.org/publica tions/pubid.30/pub_detail.asp.
11 George Washington, “Farewell Address to the People of the United States,” in The World’s Famous Orations, ed. William Jennings Bryan, vol. 8 (New York: Funk & Wagnalls, 1906), 100.
12 Barry Goldwater, “Goldwater’s 1964 Acceptance Speech,” Washingtonpost.com, Dec. 7, 2008, http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-srv/politics/daily/may98/goldwaterspeech.htm.
4: ON THE CONSTITUTION
1 James Madison, “Letter to Henry Lee, June 25, 1824,” in The Quotable Founding Fathers: A Treasury of 2,500 Wise and Witty Quotations from the Men and Women who Created America, ed. Buckner F. Melton, Jr. (Dulles, Va.: Brassey’s, 2004), 48.
2 See, e.g., Howard Lee McBain, The Living Constitution (New York: Macmillan, 1927).
3 Thomas Jefferson, “Letter to Wilson Cary Nicholas, September 7, 803,” Thomas Jefferson: Writings: Autobiography/Notes on the State of Virginia/Public and Private Papers/Addresses/Letters, ed. Merrill D. Peterson (New York: Library of America, 1984), 1140.
4 The Ninth Amendment provides, “The enumeration in the Constitution of certain rights shall not be construed to deny or disparage others retained by the people.” The Tenth Amendment states: “The powers not delegated to the United States, nor prohibited by it to the States, are reserved to the States respectively, or to the people.”
5 Deborah L. Rhode, “A Tribute to Justice Thurgood Marshall: Letting the Law Catch Up,” Stanford Law Review 44 (1992), 1259.
6 Tim Wells, “A Conversation with Peter B. Edelman,” Washington Lawyer, April 2008, http://www.dcbar.org/for_lawyers/resources/publications/washington_lawyer/april_2008/legends.cfm.
7 Stephen Breyer, Active Liberty: Interpreting Our Democratic Constitution (New York: Knopf, 2005).
8 Clint Bolick, David’s Hammer: The Case for an Activist Judiciary (Washington, D.C.: Cato Institute, 2007).
9 Address of Franklin D. Roosevelt as governor of New York, March 2, 1930, http://www.lexrex.com/enlightened/writings/fdr_ address.htm.
10 Ibid.
11 Franklin D. Roosevelt, “State of the Union Message to Congress, January 11, 1944,” http://www.fdrlibrary.marist.edu/011144.html.
12 Ibid.
13 Ibid. (emphasis added).
14 Robin L. West, Re-Imagining Justice: Progressive Interpretations of Formal Equality, Rights, and the Rule of Law (Burlington, Vt.: Ashgate, 2003).
15 Ibid.
16 Bruce Ackerman, “Ackerman on Renewing the Promise of National Citizenship,” March 15, 2005, American Constitution Society for Law and Policy blog, http://www.acsblog.org/equalityand-liberty-ackerman-on-renewing-the-promise-of-nationalcitizenship.html.
17 U.S. Constitution, Fourteenth Amendment (emphasis added).
18 Michael W. McConnell, “Originalism and the Desegregation Decisions,” Virginia Law Review 81 (May 1995), 947.
19 John Hinderaker, “What Liberals Want: A Progressive Conference on the Constitution Sheds Light on the Real Stakes Involved with the Judiciary,” Weekly Standard, April 19, 2005.
20 Cass R. Sunstein, The Second Bill of Rights: FDR’s Unfinished Revolution and Why We Need It More Than Ever (New York: Basic Books, 2004), 20–21.
21 Ralph Keyes, The Quote Verifier: Who Said What, Where, and When (New York: St. Martin’s, 2006), 82.
22 “Interview with the Godfather: William F. Buckley, Jr., On Drugs, Universities, and the Future,” Yale Free Press, March 2001, http://www.yale.edu/yfp/archives/01_3_buckley.html.
23 Mark R. Levin, Men in Black: How the Supreme Court Is Destroying America (Washington, D.C.: Regnery, 2005), 18–22.
24 Frédéric Bastiat, The Law (Whitefish, Mont.: Kessinger, 2004), 6.
5: ON FEDERALISM
1 Rhode Island did not send a delegation.
2 U.S. Constitution, Tenth Amendment.
3 New State Ice Co. v. Liebmann, 285 U.S. 262, 311 (1932) (Brandeis, J., dissenting).
4 See chapter 2, “On Prudence and Progress.”
5 A lawsuit filed by Landmark Legal Foundation forced then-Oregon governor Barbara Roberts, who declared the measure “dead on arrival,” to implement the voter-approved JOBS-Plus program. See Burke v. Roberts, Case No. 92C-11310-1 (Marion County [Oregon] Circuit Court, Sept. 23, 1993). See also Jeffrey Tryens, “Aligning Government Priorities with Societal Hopes and Expectations,” testimony before U.S. House of Representatives Committee on Government Reform and Oversight, ubcommittee on Government Management, Information and Technology, Oct. 31, 1997, Oregon’s Progress Board Strategic Planning Model, http://www.oregon.gov/DAS/OPB/jttestim.shtml. See also Howard Rolston, John K. Maniha, and Nancye Campbell, “Job Retention and Advancement in Welfare Reform,” CCF Brief No. 18, Brookings Institution, March 2002, http://www.brookings.edu/papers/2002/03welfare_campbell.aspx.
6 For more than ten years Landmark Legal Foundation represented Milwaukee Parental Choice Program’s author, Wisconsin state representative Annette “Polly” Williams, while successfully defending her school choice program. See Davis v. Grover, 480 N.W.2d 460 (Wis. 1992) and Jackson v. Benson, 570 N.W.2d 407 (Wis. 1998). These cases were the forerunner to the U.S. Supreme Court’s decision in Zelman v. Simmons-Harris, 536 U.S. 639 (2002), in which Landmark also participated. See also Amanda Paulson, “Milwaukee’s Lessons on School Vouchers,
” Christian Science Monitor, May 23, 2006, 1.
7 Joseph Henchman, “Momentum Builds to Repeal Maryland Computer Services Tax,” Tax Foundation, Tax Policy blog, March 14, 2008, http://www.taxfoundation.org/blog/show/23005.html; John Wagner, “Computer Services Firms Want Sales Tax Repealed,” Washington Post, Dec. 9, 2007, C05.
8 Joseph Henchman, “MD Computer Services Tax Repealed; GA Tax Plans Die,” Tax Foundation, Tax Policy blog, April 8, 2008, http://www.taxfoundation.org/blog/show/23100.html.
9 U.S. Constitution, Seventeenth Amendment.
10 U.S. Constitution, Article I, § 8, cl. 3.
11 Wickard v. Filburn, 317 U.S. 111 (1942).
12 Ibid.
13 U.S. Department of Labor, Bureau of Labor Statistics, “Federal Government, Excluding the Postal Service,” Career Guide to Industries, March 12, 2008, http://www.bls.gov/oco/cg/cgs041.htm.
14 Lori Montgomery, “Congress Passes $3 Trillion Budget,” Washington Post, June 6, 2008, A03.
15 16 CFR 303 et seq. (2008).
16 21 CFR 700 to 740 (2008).
17 10 CFR 430.32 (2008).
18 16 CFR 632.1 et seq. (2008).
19 “LSU Libraries Federal Agencies Directory,” Louisiana State University, July 23, 2007, http://www.lib.lsu.edu/gov/fedgov.html.
20 Clyde Wayne Crews, Jr., “Ten Thousand Commandments 2007: An Annual Snapshot of the Federal Regulatory State,” Competitive Enterprise Institute, 2000, 2.
21 David Keating, “A Taxing Trend: The Rise in Complexity, Forms, and Paperwork Burdens,” NTU Policy Paper 124, National Taxpayers Union, April 16, 2007, 3.
22 Prigg v. Pennsylvania, 41 U.S. 539 (1842).
23 Dred Scott v. Sandford, 60 U.S. 393 (1857).
24 For a useful exposition of federalism-related arguments and the slavery question, see Ilya Somin, “Is Federalism Tainted by Slavery and Jim Crow?,” Dec. 26, 2006, Volokh Conspiracy, http://volokh.com/posts/1167177535.shtml.
25 U.S. Constitution, Article I, § 9.
26 U.S. Constitution, Article I, § 2.
27 U.S. Constitution, Article IV, § 2.
28 Declaration of Independence.
29 David E. Bernstein, “Civil Rights Undermined by Antidiscrimination Laws,” Foxnews.com, Feb. 4, 2004, http://www.foxnews.com/story/0,2933,110482,00.html.
30 It is worth noting that Republican support for passage of the 1964 Civil Rights Act was much stronger than Democratic support. In the House of Representatives, 80 percent (138–34) of Republicans voted for the bill as opposed to only 61 percent (152–96) of Democrats. The Senate votes in favor were 82 percent (27–6) of Republicans and 69 percent (46–11) of Democrats. See Congressional Record, vol. 110, June 18, 1964, 14319; Congressional Record, vol. 110, July 2, 1964, 15894.
31 James Madison, Alexander Hamilton, and John Jay, The Federalist Papers (New York: Penguin, 1987).
6: ON THE FREE MARKET
1 Karl Marx, The Communist Manifesto (New York: Penguin, 2002).
2 Scott A. Hodge, “News to Obama: The OECD Says The United States Has The Most Progressive Tax System,” Tax Foundation, Tax Policy blog, Oct. 29, 2008, http://www.taxfoundation.org/blog/show/23856.html (analysis of data presented in “Growing Unequal? Income Distribution and Poverty in OECD Countries,” OECD Publishing, 2008).
3 Congressional Budget Office, “Historical Effective Federal Tax Rates: 1979–2005; Summary Table 1, Effective Tax Rates, 2004 and 2005,” Dec. 2007, http://www.cbo.gov/ftpdocs/88xx/doc8885/EffectiveTaxRates.shtml#1011537.
4 Saul D. Alinsky, Rules for Radicals (New York: Vintage, 1971), 184.
5 Ibid., 185.
6 Peter Slevin, “For Clinton and Obama, a Common Ideological Touchstone,” Washington Post, March 25, 2007, http://www.wash ingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2007/03/24/AR2007032401152.html.
7 James Wilson, Works of the Honourable James Wilson, L.L.D. (Philadelphia: Lorenzo, 1804).
8 Howard Husock, “The Trillion-Dollar Shakedown that Bodes Ill for Cities,” City Journal, Winter 2000, http://www.city-journal.org/html/10_1_the_trillion_dollar.html.
9 Stan Liebowitz, “The Real Scandal,” New York Post, Feb. 5, 2008.
10 Ibid.
11 Ibid.
12 Howard Husock, “The Financial Crisis and the CRA,” City Journal, Oct. 30, 2008, http://www.city-journal.org/2008/eon1030hh.html.
13 Liebowitz, “The Real Scandal.”
14 Husock, “The Financial Crisis and the CRA.”
15 Ibid.
16 Editorial, “Fannie Mae’s Patron Saint,” Wall Street Journal, Sept. 10, 2008; Joseph Goldstein, “Pro-Deregulation Schumer Scores Bush For Lack of Regulation,” New York Sun, Sept. 22, 2008; Robert Novak, “Crony Image Dogs Paulson’s Rescue Effort,” Chicago Sun-Times, July 17, 2008.
17 Office of Federal Housing Enterprise Oversight, “Report of the Special Examination of Freddie Mac,” Dec. 2003, http://www.ofheo.gov/media/pdf/specialreport122003.pdf; Office of Federal Housing Oversight, “Report of the Special Examination of Fannie Mae,” May 2006, http://www.ofheo.gov/media/pdf/FNM SPECIALEXAM.PDF.
18 Lynnley Browning, “AIG’s House of Cards,” Portfolio.com, Sept. 28, 2008, http://www.portfolio.com/news-markets/top-5/2008/09/28/AIGs-Derivatives-Run-Amok.
19 Robert P. Murphy, “The Fed’s Role in the Housing Bubble,” Pacific Research Institute blog, http://liberty.pacificresearch.org/blog/id.271/blog_detail.asp.
20 Daniel Arnall and Alice Gomstyn, “Where Did Taxpayer Money Go? Panel Slams Treasury,” ABC News, Jan. 9, 2009, http://abc news.go.com/Business/Economy/story?id=6606296&page=1.
21 Matthew Karnitschnig, “Expanding the $700 Billion Bailout…to $1 Trillion,” Deal Journal blog, Wall Street Journal, Nov. 13, 2008, http://blogs.wsj.com/deals/2008/11/13/expanding-the-700-billion-bailoutto-1-trillion/; Dan Wilchins and Johnathan Stempel, “Citigroup Gets Massive Bailout,” Reuters, Nov. 24, 2008, http://www.reuters.com/article/ousiv/idUSTRE4AJ45G20081124?sp=true.
22 David Goldman, “Bailouts: $7 trillion and rising,” Cnnmoney. com, Nov. 26, 2008, http://cnnmoney.mobi/money/business/busi ness/detail/108180/full;jsessionid=86F1E4FE7D60687998796168192A856A.
23 Barry Ritholtz. “Big Bailouts, Bigger Bucks,” The Big Picture blog, Jan.
24, 2009, http://www.ritholtz.com/blog/2008/11/big-bailouts-bigger-bucks/. 24 Ibid.
25 “Economic Stimulus Package,” CCH Tax Briefing, CCHgroup.com, Feb. 13, 2008, http://tax.cchgroup.com/legislation/2008-stimulus-package.pdf.
26 United States Senate Committee on Banking, Housing and Urban Affairs, “Summary of the ‘Housing and Economic Recovery Act of 2008,’” June 17, 2008, http://banking.senate.gov/public/_ files/HousingandEconomicRecoveryActSummary.pdf.
27 Jamie Dupree, “Just Some of the Economic Stimulus Bill,” Jamie Dupree blog, Jan. 24, 2009, http://newstalkradiowhio.com/blogs/jamie_dupree/2009/01/just-some-of-the-economic-stim.html.
28 Editorial, “The Deficit Spending Blowout: The Looming Red Ink Is Unlike Anything In U.S. Peacetime History,” Wall Street Journal, Jan. 8, 2009: A14.
29 Rahm Emanuel, “Rahm Emanuel on the Opportunities of Crisis,” WSJ.com video, Nov. 19, 2008, http://online.wsj.com/video/rahm-emanuel-on-the-opportunities-of-crisis/3F6B9880-D1FD-492B-9A3D-70DBE8EB9E97.html.