Read The Battle for Spain: The Spanish Civil War 1936-1939 Page 70


  Eden, Anthony, (later Earl of Avon), and Chamberlain

  education, see also universities

  Ehrenburg, Ilya

  Eibar

  Eisenstein, Sergei

  Eitingon, Naum

  El Campesino, (Valentín González), and Brunete offensive, and Aragón offensive, and battle of Teruel

  El Correo Catalán

  El Debate

  El Escorial

  El Ferrol

  El Mazuco pass

  El Muletón

  El Noticiero Universal

  El Pardo

  El Pobo

  El Socialista

  El Vértice Castellar

  Elda

  Elorrio

  Eluard, Paul

  emigration

  Eroles, Dionisio

  Escandón

  Escobar, Colonel (later General)

  Escofet, Frederic

  Escudo pass

  España (nationalist battleship)

  Españ air squadron

  Espinosa de los Monteros, General Eugenio

  Esquerra Republicana de Catalunya

  Estat Català

  Estepona

  Estrada, Manuel

  estraperlo gambling scandal

  Estremadura, agriculture, latifundia, guerrilla operations, offensives, republican salient cut off

  ETA, (Euskadi ta Askatasuna)

  Etchebehere, Mika

  Eurobank

  Euzkadi, see Basque country

  Euzko Godarostea (Basque army), established tactics

  Facerías, Luis

  FAI, (Federación Anarquista Ibérica), and ‘events of May’, demonstrate against defeatism, see also CNT-FAI

  Fal Conde, Manuel

  Falange, founded, membership, symbols and insignia, outlawed, assassinations, attacks strikers, role in coupétat, political killings, nationalist role, leadership, role in civil war, authoritarian values, and Franco’s rise to power, in attack on Madrid, militia, in nationalist power struggle, unit defends Quijorna, under Franco regime, cult of virility and death, (see also FET y de las JONS)

  Fanjul Goni, General Joaquín

  Farina, Colonel

  fascism, international, compared with Falangism, Christianity and, hatred of

  Faulkner, William

  Faupel, General Wilhelm, (German ambassador)

  Fayón

  Ferdinand of Aragon, King

  Ferdinand VII, King

  Fernández, Manuel

  Fernández de Villa-Abrille, General José

  Fernández Heredia, Enrique

  Fernández Luna, Captain Encarnación

  Fernández Montesinos, Manuel

  Fernsworth, Lawrence

  Ferrer, Francisco

  Ferrer, Horacio

  FET y de las JONS, (Falange Española Tradicionalista y de las Juntas de Ofensiva Nacional Sindicalista)

  Figueras

  First Republic, see Spanish Republic (First Republic)

  First World War, Spanish neutrality, equipment, economic boom, military doctrines and practices, veterans impact on art, chaos ensuing

  Fischer, Louis

  Flix

  Flynn, Errol

  food supplies and shortages during war

  Forces Françaises de l’Intérieur

  Ford (motor company)

  Ford, Richard

  Fourth International

  Fox, Ralph

  France, investment in Spain, internal politics, involvement in Morocco, political instability, role in Spanish Civil War, frontier, pact with Russia, influence in North Africa, Spanish threat to, Spanish gold reserves shipped to, perceptions of Spanish Civil War, Stalin and, foreign policy, republican officers escape to, arms supplies to republicans and peace negotiations, failure to assist Catalans, suspected designs on Catalonia, supplies bridges, hands over Companys, Spanish refugees in, recognizes Franco regime, ignores republican requests for evacuation, fall and occupation, under Vichy government, liberation

  Franco Bahamonde, General Francisco, represses Asturias uprising, commands Military Academy, suppresses October 1934 revolution, chief of general staff, opposition to Popular Front, meets Primo de Rivera, appointed to Canary Islands, role in coupétat, appearance, character, relations with Church, advance on Madrid, rise to power, his wife, brutality, role in early stages of war, and attack on Madrid, and international involvement in civil war, military strategy, and development of army, and Málaga campaign, angered at symbolic shelling of Madrid, continuing obsession with Madrid, and Jarama and Guadalajara offensives, and Basque campaign, British admiration for, and rivals’ deaths, declares Crusade, writers oppose, seizes power in nationalist struggle, and republican power struggle, and Estremadura offensive, confers with commanders, and Brunete offensive, and Aragón offensive, establishes state ideology, plans further offensive against Madrid, and battle of Teruel, foreign support for, relations with Mussolini, insistence on total victory, constitutes government, centralism, regime recognized, fails to attack Barcelona and orders advance on Valencia, declared captain-general and battle of Ebro and France, declares Spanish neutrality, and battle of Catalonia, publishes law of responsibilities, and surrender negotiations, congratulated by Pope, takes salute at victory parade, bodyguard, regime established, obsession with Freemasonry, Second World War strategy, meets Hitler, ends state of war, agrees on succession, death

  Franco Bahamonde, Nicolás

  Franco Bahamonde, Ramón

  Franco-Salgado, Colonel

  Freemasonry

  Freemasons, Church’s hostility to, Quiepo de Llano as, shot

  French Black Sea Fleet mutiny

  French Communist Party

  French Foreign Legion

  French Resistance

  French Revolution

  French volunteers

  Frente Rojo

  Fried, Eugen (‘Clément’)

  Friends of Durruti, issue leaflet

  Friends of the Soviet Union

  Fuenteovejuna

  Fuentes de Ebro

  Fugger, Major Count

  Fusimañ, José

  Gaikis, Jacob

  Gal, General (Janos Galicz)

  Galán, Captain Fermín

  Galán, Colonel Francisco

  Galán, Major José María

  Galarza, General Ángel

  Galicia, agriculture, autonomy, guerrilla operations

  Galland, Adolf

  Gamazo, Countess of

  Gambara, General Gastone

  Gamelin, General Maurice

  Gandesa

  Gandía

  García Alix, Luis

  García Atadell, Agapito, (Communist Youth leader)

  García Escámez, Colonel Francisco

  García Hernández, Captain Ángel

  García Lorca, Federico

  García Morato, Captain Joaquín

  García Oliver, Juan, organizes militia, minister of justice, military tactics, and ‘events of May’, meeting in Paris

  García Valiño, Colonel, and advance on Valencia, and battle of Ebro, and battle of Catalonia, represses anti-fascist rising

  Garijo, Lieutenant-Colonel Antonio

  Garvin, James, (Observer editor)

  Gassol, Ventura

  Gayman, Vital (‘Vidal’)

  General Motors

  Geneva

  George VI, King

  German Communist Party

  German navy, see Admiral Graf Spee; Admiral Scheer; Deutschland; Leipzig

  German volunteers

  Germany, arms supplies, Nazi Olympics, role in Spanish Civil War, humiliation at Versailles, Stalin and, Spanish debts to, foreign policy, love of total war, Anschluss, influence over Italy, trade with Franco regime, concerns over French intentions, pact with Soviet Union, threat to Europe, troops enter Czechoslovakia, role of party in state, invades Poland, invades Yugoslavia, Greece and Crete, invades Soviet Union

  Gerö, Erno (‘Pedro’)

  Gerona

  Gestapo
<
br />   Getafe

  Gibraltar, nationalist sympathies at, refugees in, British defence of, in Second World War

  Gide, André

  Gijón

  Gil Robles, José María

  Gillain, Nick

  Giménez Arnau, José Antonio

  Giral, José, administration, requests assistance from Stalin, government resigns, in Largo Caballero government, and despatch of gold reserves, and republican power struggle, in Negrín government, crosses into France, in exile

  Girón, Domingo

  Goded, General

  Godoy, Manuel de

  Goicoechea, Antonio

  Goicoechea, Major

  gold reserves, under republican control, removed from Spain, in Basque country, under Franco

  Goldman, Emma

  Gomá, Cardinal Archbishop

  Gómez Morato, General

  Gómez Recio, Jesús

  Gómez, Paulino

  Gómez-Jordana, General Francisco

  González, Valentín, (see El Campesino)

  González Inestal, Miguel

  González Pando, Major

  González Peñ, Ramón

  Gorbea, Mount

  Goriev, General Vladimir E. (‘Sancho’)

  Göring, Hermann, supplies arms to Spain

  Gorky, Maxim

  Grafenwöhr training camp

  Granada, military rising, political killings, guerrilla operations

  Granadella

  Grandi, Count Dino

  Granollers

  Greece

  Group of Spanish Guerrillas

  GRU (Glavnoye Razvedyvatelnoye Upravlenie)

  Gruppe Droehne, see Condor Legion

  Guadalajara, province of, battle of, (also known as Battle of Brihuega), further offensive

  Guadarrama, River

  Guadiana, River

  Guernica, bombing of, casualty figures, Basque autonomy declared in

  guerrilla warfare, under Franco regime

  Guipúzcoa province

  Guipuzkoa (trawler)

  Gurney, Jason

  Gurs

  Haldane, J. B. S.

  Halifax, Lord, (later Earl of)

  Hamburg

  Hart, Basil Liddell

  Hedilla, Manuel

  Hemingway, Ernest, For Whom the Bell Tolls visits Teruel

  Hendaye

  Heraldo de Aragón

  Hernández, Jesús, in Negrín government, attacks Prieto, appointed army commissar, supports Negrín

  Hernández, Miguel

  Hernández Saravia, Colonel (later General) Juan

  Herri Batasuna

  Hess, Rudolf

  Hidalgo de Cisneros y López de Montenegro, General Ignacio

  Hilgarth, Captain Alan, RN

  HISMA/ROWAK

  Hitler, Adolf

  regime, occupation of Rhineland, assistance to nationalists, rearmament, international responses to, bypasses diplomats, compared with Franco, and democracy, seizes power, intentions in Europe, learns of attack on Deutschland, effects Anschluss, designs on Czechoslovakia, pact with Stalin, and France, invasion of Soviet Union, meeting with Franco, invades Soviet Union

  HMS Blanche

  HMS Brazen

  HMS Devonshire

  HMS Galatea

  HMS Hardy

  HMS Havock

  HMS Hood

  HMS Queen Elizabeth

  HMS Woolwich

  Hoare, Sir Samuel, (later Viscount Templewood)

  Hodgson, Robert

  Hoja Oficial de Barcelona

  Horthy, Admiral Miklos

  Hospitalet de Llobregat

  Huelin, Captain Agustín

  Huelva, political killings, captured by nationalists, guerrilla operations

  Huesca, offensive

  Hull, Cordell

  Hungarian volunteers

  Huxley, Aldous

  Ibáñez, Major Bruno

  Ibarra Palace

  Ibarrola, Colonel Juan

  Ibárruri, Dolores (‘La Pasionaria’),‘No Pasarán!’ slogan, accused of biting priest, saves victims, leads recruiting campaign, and defence of Madrid, and battle of Guadalajara, double-speak, and republican power struggle, accusations against Ascaso, reputed lover, attacks Prieto, organizes demonstration, farewell speech to International Brigades, and Soviet methods, and continuation of war, leaves Spain

  Iberia (airline)

  Ibiza

  Iglesias, Pablo

  Illescas

  illiteracy

  Iltis (German torpedo boat)

  Ilundaín, Cardinal

  industry, Catalan, under Second Republic, wages, in Madrid, Basque, war, under nationalist control, planning, under Franco, in republican zone

  Institute of Agrarian Reform

  Instituto Nacional de Industria (INI)

  International Brigades, training, formation, rations, Soviet personnel in, in Madrid, language problems, medical provision, sanitation, discipline and executions, leadership, involved in killing of Nin, in Brunete offensive, morale, cavalry detachment, strength, paranoia, chauvinism within, camps, NKVD involvement, typhus epidemic, incorporated into Spanish system, quotas for officers, ‘Kléberist’ arrogance, in battle of Ebro, withdrawal of, resume fighting, prisoners under Franco, prisoners in France, see also Albacete, International Brigades base

  BRIGADES:

  XI International Brigade, in Madrid, in battle of Corunna road, in battle of Jarama, in battle of Guadalajara, in Brunete offensive, chauvinism within, in battle of Teruel

  XII International Brigade, in Madrid, in battle of Corunna road, and Guadarrama offensive, in Brunete offensive

  XIII International Brigade

  XIV International Brigade, training, and battle of Jarama, in Guadarrama offensive, punishment company, in Brunete offensive, spy network suspected, in Segovia offensive, in battle of Ebro

  XV International Brigade, in Brunete offensive, in poor condition, in battle of Teruel, in battle of Ebro

  UNITS:

  6th of February Battalion

  American Battalion

  André Marty Battalion

  British Battalion

  Canadian Battalion

  Dimitrov Battalion

  Dombrowski Battalion

  Edgar André Battalion

  Garibaldi Battalion

  Henri Barbusse Battalion

  Larrañga Battalion

  Lincoln Battalion

  Marseillaise Battalion

  Palafox Battalion

  Rosa Luxembourg Battalion

  Thaelmann Battalion

  Washington Battalion

  International Military commission

  Invergordon mutiny

  Iride (Italian submarine)

  Irish volunteers

  Irujo, Manuel de, protests against SIM and Negrín, replaced

  Irún

  Italian air force see also Legionary Air Force

  Italian army, morale, withdrawal of

  ITALIAN ARMY UNITS:

  Dio lo vuole Division

  Flechas Negras Division

  Littorio Division

  Llamas Negras Division

  March 23rd Division

  see also CTV; Cuerpo Legionario Italiano

  Italian Communist Party

  Italian navy, see also Barletto; Iride; Mirabello; Quarto; submarines, ‘Legionary’

  Italian volunteers

  Italy, role in Spanish Civil War, cost of involvement in Spain, foreign policy, German influence on, treaty with Britain, fascist Carta del Lavoro Spanish debts to

  Izquierda Republicana

  Izvestia

  Jaca

  Jaén, province of, military rising

  Jaime I (republican battleship)

  Japan

  Jarama, River, battle of, ‘Suicide Hill’, losses at, American mutiny at

  JARE (Junta de Auxilio a los Republicanos Españoles)

  Jarinto, Mount

  Jeréz

  Jesuits

  J
ews

  Jiménez Castellano, Diego

  Jiménez de Asúa, Professor Luis

  Joint Socialist Youth, see Socialist Youth

  Jordana, General Count Francisco Gómez

  journalists, in Madrid, praise Kléber, and Guernica, and propaganda battle, at battle of Ebro, see also press

  Juan, Don, Count of Barcelona

  Juan Carlos, King

  Junod, Doctor Marcel

  Junta de Defensa Nacional

  Jurado, Colonel Enrique

  Juventud Socialista Unificada (Unified Socialist Youth)

  Juventudes Comunistas Ibéricas, (POUM youth movement)

  Kaminski, H., (French observer)

  Karmen, Roman

  Kemp, Peter

  Kennedy, Joseph

  Kerensky, Aleksander

  Kindelán y Duany, General Alfredo, proposes Franco as nationalist commander, sidelined by Italians, and Franco regime

  Kirkpatrick, Sir Ivone

  Kléber, General Emilio (Lazar Stern), and battle of Corunna road, visits Moscow, and Guadarrama offensive, concern over International Brigades, and Aragón offensive

  Koestler, Arthur

  Koltsov, Mikhail

  Komsomol (ship)

  Kondratiev, Colonel

  Krivitsky, General Walter

  Krivoshein, Colonel

  Kronstadt rising

  Kühlental, General

  Kursk, battle of

  Kuznetsov, Admiral Nikolai (‘Kolya’)

  La Batalla (POUM newspaper)

  la Cierva, Juan de

  La Fatarella

  La Felguera

  La Granja de San Ildefonso

  La Línea

  La Mancha

  La Marañosa

  la Mora, Constancia de

  La Muela de Teruel

  La Pasionaria, see Ibárruri, Dolores

  la Puente Bahamonde, Major Ricardo de

  La Rochelle, Drieu

  La Vanguardia

  La Venta de Camposines

  Labonne (French ambassador)

  Lacalle, Colonel

  Landrieu, Pierre

  Langdon-Davies, John

  Langenheim (Nazi businessman)

  Larache

  Largo Caballero, Francisco, xxviii, joins Primo de Rivera government, serves in republican government, radicalization, assassination attempt, and communists, in ‘government of unity’ and uniform contracts, and militias, forms government, and defence of Madrid, and battle of Corunna road, and Málaga campaign, instructions from Stalin, policy of centralization, and republican power struggle, leaves government, and Estremadura offensive, war policy, and shipment of gold reserves, sidelined and moved to Barcelona, in opposition to Negrín, death