D’ARC, ZABILLET (ISABELLE): wife of JACQUES D’ARC and mother of JEANNETTE D’ARC.
DATING: medieval Europeans almost never used calendar dates. Instead, they orientated themselves within the year by the religious cycle of Church festivals, holy days and saints’ days. Although there were saints’ days every day of the year, most regions observed only a few of them; the average holy days observed within the English year, for example, was between forty and sixty; in Florence it was as high as 120. Years tended to be dated by the length of a monarch’s reign, each successive year starting on the date the monarch was crowned; EDWARD III was crowned on 1 February 1327, so, according to popular use, each new year during his reign would begin on 1st February. The legal year in England was calculated from Lady Day (25th March), so for legal purposes the new year began on 26th March. From the very late medieval period the government gradually instituted clock and calendar time as we know it. See also HOURS, and my web page on medieval time for a full explanation for calculating the medieval year: www.saradouglass.com/medtime.html
EDWARD III: king of England before RICHARD II. He died, mysteriously, during the Christmastide celebrations of 1378. Edward is the father of JOHN OF GAUNT and grandfather of HAL BOLINGBROKE.
EXETER, DUKE OF: See HOLLAND, JOHN.
FÉCAMP, ABBÉ DE: the cleric in charge of Joan of Arc’s trial (see D’ARC, JOAN).
GABRIEL, SAINT: an archangel of heaven.
GASCONY: a province in the south of France famed for its wine and horses.
GILES, MASTER: BOLINGBROKE’S chief engineer at the siege of HARFLEUR.
GLOUCESTER: see WOODSTOCK, THOMAS.
GLYNDWR, OWAIN: a prince of the Welsh.
GRAVENSTEEN, THE: the Count of Flanders’ castle home in Ghent, capital of Flanders.
HALSTOW HALL: THOMAS NEVILLE’S home estate in Kent on the Hoo Peninsula near the Thames estuary.
HARFLEUR: town and garrison at the mouth of the Seine River, guarding the river and road approaches to Paris.
HARRISON, RICHARD: a London landlord.
HARWOOD, MARGERY: a London housewife. Her husband is William.
HAWKINS, EMMA: a London prostitute. Her daughter is JOCELYN HAWKINS.
HAWKINS, JOCELYN: daughter to EMMA HAWKINS.
HAWKINS, WILLIAM: captain of BOLINGBROKE’S castle guard in ROUEN. (No relation to Emma or Jocelyn.)
HOLLAND, JOHN: Duke of Exeter and Earl of Huntingdon, son of JOAN OF KENT and Sir Thomas Holland, half brother to the murdered RICHARD II.
HOTSPUR: see PERCY, HENRY.
HUNDRED YEARS’ WAR: a period of intense war between France and England that lasted from roughly the mid-fourteenth to fifteenth centuries. It was caused by many factors, but primarily by the English King, EDWARD III’s, insistence that he was the true heir to the French throne. The English and French royal families had intermarried for generations, and Edward was, in fact, the closest male heir. However, his claim was through his mother, who was the daughter of a French king, and French law did not recognise claims through the female line. The war was also the result of hundreds of years of tension over the amount of land the English held in France (often over a third of the realm).
HUNGERFORD, LORD: one of BOLINGBROKE’S commanders in France.
ISABEAU DE BAVIÈRE: see BAVIÈRE, ISABEAU DE.
JOAN OF ARC: see D’ARC, JOAN
JOAN OF KENT: wife of the BLACK PRINCE, and a famed beauty in her youth. Mother of RICHARD II.
JOHN, KING: deceased king of France.
JOHN OF GAUNT, Duke of Lancaster and Aquitaine, Earl of Richmond, King of Castile, and prince of the Plantagenet dynasty: the deceased son of EDWARD III (Edward Plantagenet) and his queen, PHILIPPA, John of Gaunt was the most powerful and wealthy English nobleman of the medieval period. The name Gaunt (his popular nickname) derived from Ghent, where he was born. Married first to Blanche of Lancaster, then to Constance of Castile; both dead. By Blanche he had a son, HENRY (HAL) BOLINGBROKE; by Constance two daughters (who became the queens of Castile and Portugal); and by his long-time mistress, KATHERINE SWYNFORD, two legitimised children, HENRY and JOAN BEAUFORT. John of Gaunt died during the burning of the Savoy by the peasant rebels.
JUSTICIAR: the chief political and legal representative of the King of England, acting as regent in his absence.
LAMBETH PALACE: the London residence of the archbishops of Canterbury, Lambeth Palace sits on the eastern bank of the Thames almost directly across from Westminster.
LANCASTER, DUKE OF: See JOHN OF GAUNT.
LEMAISTRE, JEAN: Dominican Vicar of the Holy Office of the Inquisition in Rouen.
LOLLARDS: the popular name given to followers of JOHN WYCLIFFE. It is a derisory name, taken from the fourteenth-century word “lolling”, which means mumbling.
LONDON BRIDGE: for centuries there was only one bridge crossing the Thames. It crosses from Southwark on the southern bank into London itself, linking up with Watling Street, one of the great Roman roads in England. As with most bridges in medieval Europe, the bridge is built over with tenement buildings and shops.
LOUIS: only son of KING JOHN of France. Louis suffered an unfortunate encounter with a peacock which drove him insane, and now his son, CHARLES, has succeeded Louis’ father, King John.
LYNLEY, LADY ALICIA: one of MARY’s ladies.
MICHAEL, SAINT: an archangel of heaven.
MONTAGU, JOHN: Earl of Salisbury.
MOWBRAY, THOMAS: Earl of Nottingham and Duke of Norfolk and a boyhood friend of RICHARD’s.
MARCEL, ETIENNE: a rich and influential Parisian cloth merchant and Provost of the Merchants of Paris, an office somewhat like that of a Lord Mayor. He died during the French uprising (known as the Jacquerie) some three years before the events of The Crippled Angel.
MARIE: a midwife, and companion to JOAN OF ARC.
MONTGIES, ALAIN: Mayor of Rouen.
NAVARRE: a rich kingdom in the extreme northwest of Spain, it has been in the control of French nobles and kings for generations. Until the early fourteenth century the King of France had also held the title King of Navarre, but a complicated succession crisis witnessed the separation of the two kingdoms into separate branches of the same family. Currently it is ruled by PHILIP, known as Philip the Bad.
NEVILLE, MARGARET: wife of THOMAS NEVILLE. They have a daughter, ROSALIND, and a son, BOHUN.
NEVILLE, RALPH: Baron of Raby and Earl of Westmorland; a powerful noble from the north of England. Uncle to THOMAS NEVILLE.
NEVILLE, THOMAS: a senior member of the powerful Neville family. Nephew to RALPH NEVILLE. Married to MARGARET with whom he has two children. Neville was once a Dominican friar.
NORBURY, SIR JOHN: a member of BOLINGBROKE’s household.
NORTHUMBERLAND, EARL OF: See PERCY, HENRY.
NOYES, SIR GILLES DE: a French nobleman.
PERCY, HENRY: the Earl of NORTHUMBERLAND and the most powerful nobleman in England behind LANCASTER. Northumberland has long been rivals with the Lancastrian faction which includes RALPH NEVILLE and THOMAS NEVILLE.
PERCY, HENRY (HOTSPUR): son and heir of the Earl of Northumberland, and a powerful nobleman in his own right.
PERCY, THOMAS: Earl of Worcester, brother to the Earl of Northumberland and uncle to Hotspur.
PHILIP THE BAD: King of Navarre and Count of Evreux, cousin to King John and a powerful figure in French politics. As well as ruling Navarre, Philip holds extensive lands in the west of France.
PHILIPPA: a now-dead Queen of England, wife to the deceased EDWARD III, and mother of LANCASTER. She died some years previous to the events of The Crucible.
POITIERS: a town in central France, and site of one of the Black Prince’s greatest victories during the HUNDRED YEARS’ WAR.
POLE, MICHAEL DE LA: Earl of Suffolk, commander in BOLINGBROKE’S army.
RABY: see NEVILLE, RALPH.
RHEIMS: cathedral city approx. 200 km to the north-east of Paris. Also spelt Reims.
RICHARD II: King of England, son of t
he BLACK PRINCE (deceased) and JOAN OF KENT. Deposed and murdered at BOLINGBROKE’S hand.
ROSALIND: daughter of THOMAS NEVILLE and MARGARET NEVILLE.
ROUEN: a city on the River Seine, part way between HARFLEUR and Paris.
SAVOY PALACE: the Duke of LANCASTER’S residence on the Strand just outside London’s western walls. It was burned down during the peasant rebellion.
SCARLE, JOHN: BOLINGBROKE’s Chancellor.
SHERIFF HUTTON: RALPH NEVILLE’S main castle and residence some ten miles northeast of York.
SMITHFIELD (or Smoothfield): a large open space or field in London’s northern suburbs, just beyond Aldersgate. For many centuries it has been the site of games, tournaments, and trading, craft and pleasure fairs. East Smithfield is a similarly large field to the east of London.
SQUIRE: in the late fourteenth century the social status and meaning of squire is much different to the earlier chivalric perception of a squire as a “knight-in-training”. The late fourteenth century squire is just as likely to be referred to as a valet or even a sergeant. He was generally of noble blood, but he might not be a “knight-in-training” as such.
STRAND, THE: an important street running from London along the northern bank of the Thames down to Westminster, lined with palaces of the nobles.
STURRY, SIR RICHARD: a councillor of BOLINGBROKE’S.
SUFFOLK, EARL OF: see POLE, MICHAEL DE LA.
SWYNFORD, LADY KATHERINE: dowager Duchess of Lancaster, widow of JOHN OF GAUNT, Duke of Lancaster. By John of Gaunt she has two children, HENRY and JOAN BEAUFORT.
THORSEBY, RICHARD: the Prior General of England, administering all Dominicans and their friaries in the realm of England.
TONSURE: a round, shaved patch on the crown of a cleric’s head.
TUDOR, LORD OWEN: a member of BOLINGBROKE’s household.
TUSSER, THOMAS: steward to THOMAS NEVILLE.
UMFRAVILLE, SIR GILBERT: one of BOLINGBROKE’S commanders at HARFLEUR.
URBAN VI: the man elected by the College of Cardinals to the papal throne after the death of Gregory XI in 1378.
VERE, ROBERT DE: deceased Earl of Oxford, and close friend of RICHARD’S.
WARWICK, EARL OF: see BEAUCHAMP, THOMAS.
WESTMINSTER: in medieval England Westminster was an important municipality in its own right, and separate from London, although both were inextricably linked. Most of medieval Westminster was destroyed by fire in the early nineteenth century, but it consisted of a large palace complex boasting three halls (only one of which still stands) as well the abbey.
WHITTINGTON, RICHARD (DICK): former mercer and alderman of Broad Street ward, now Lord Mayor of London.
WILLIAMSON, JACK: apprentice engineer to MASTER GILES.
WINDSOR: royal castle to the west of London.
WOODSTOCK, THOMAS OF: the now deceased Earl of Buckingham and Duke of Gloucester, seventh and youngest son of EDWARD III of England; Constable of England.
WORDE, WYNKYN DE: the last of the Dominican friars who worked the Archangels’ will on earth.
WYCLIFFE, JOHN: an eccentric English cleric and master of Balliol College, Oxford.
About the Author
Sara Douglass was born in Penola, South Australia, and spent her early working life as a nurse. Rapidly growing tired of starched veils, mitred corners and irascible anaesthetists, she worked her way through three degrees at the University of Adelaide, culminating in a PhD in early modern English history.
Her first three books make up The Axis Trilogy: BattleAxe, Enchanter and StarMan (books 2 and 3 winning Aurealis Awards). Sara wrote Threshold, a singular tale of Ashdod and Infinity, before launching herself into The Wayfarer Redemption, a second trilogy continuing the story of Tencendor: Sinner, Pilgrim and Crusader. She has also published a second stand-alone novel, Beyond the Hanging Wall. Her previous books, The Nameless Day and The Wounded Hawk, are the first two books of The Crucible. To date her books have been published in the US, the UK and Australia.
Sara now lives in Bendigo, Victoria, where she divides her time between writing and tending her garden.
Visit Sara’s website at www.saradouglass.com
Visit www.AuthorTracker.com for exclusive information on your favorite HarperCollins author.
Also By Sara Douglass
THE AXIS TRILOGY
Book One: BattleAxe
Book Two: Enchanter
Book Three: StarMan
Threshold
Beyond the Hanging Wall
THE WAYFARER REDEMPTION
Book One: Sinner
Book Two: Pilgrim
Book Three: Crusader
THE CRUCIBLE TRILOGY
Book One: The Nameless Day
Book Two: The Wounded Hawk
Visit Sara Douglass’ website: www.saradouglass.com
Copyright
Voyager
An imprint of HarperCollinsPublishers, Australia
First published in 2002
This edition published in 2010
by HarperCollinsPublishers Pty Limited
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www.harpercollins.com.au
Copyright © Sara Douglass Enterprises Pty Ltd 2002
The right of Sara Douglass to be identified as the author of this work has been asserted by her under the Copyright Amendment (Moral Rights) Act 2000.
This work is copyright. Apart from any use as permitted under the Copyright Act 1968, no part may be reproduced, copied, scanned, stored in a retrieval system, recorded, or transmitted, in any form or by any means, without the prior written permission of the publisher.
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National Library of Australia Cataloguing-in-Publication data:
Douglass, Sara.
The crippled angel.
ISBN: 0 7322 6587 8 (pbk.).
ISBN: 978-0-730-49206-1 (ePub)
I. Title. (Series: Douglass, Sara. Crucible ; Bk. 3).
A823.3
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Sara Douglass, The Crippled Angel
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