Read The Greater Journey: Americans in Paris Page 71


  Tocqueville, Madame de, 196

  Tortoni’s, 52

  transcontinental railroad, 253, 256

  Treaty of Paris (1783), 104

  Trinity Church (Boston), 366, 372

  Trochu, Louis, 283, 284, 287, 300

  Trois Frères Provençaux, 53, 120, 227, 229, 232

  Trollope, Frances, 92

  Trumbull, John, 8, 64, 78–79, 84, 146

  Tuileries, Garden of, 27, 29, 57, 67, 144–45, 148, 161–62, 183, 213, 226, 235, 268, 296, 306, 326

  American views on marble statues of, 42–43

  formal design of, 43–44

  Morse and Cooper observed in, 84–85

  Tuileries, Palace of, 29, 144, 162, 168, 172, 183, 184, 247, 252, 260, 347, 415

  destroyed in Paris Commune, 321, 326

  Tunis, 389

  Turgenev, Ivan, 228, 332

  Turkey, 219

  Twachtman, John, 411–12

  Twain, Mark, 248, 329, 372

  Tyler, John, 146

  Uncle Tom’s Cabin (Stowe), 211–12, 215

  Unitarianism, 77

  United States, 293

  first woman doctor of, 191–92

  French Republic recognized by, 185

  medical education in, 106–7, 115–16, 425

  post–Civil War ascendancy of, 251–52

  Sargent’s first visit to, 349–50

  transcontinental railroad of, 253, 256

  Universal Exposition of 1867, 239

  displays in, 248

  official opening of, 247–48

  painting and sculpture in, 249–50

  Paris in aftermath of, 257

  theme of, 247

  Twain’s visit to, 248

  Universal Exposition of 1889, 405, 407–8, 410

  art exhibit in, 415–16, 419

  attendance at, 414, 416–17

  Edison’s display in, 415

  glamour of, 416

  opening of, 414

  Palais des Machines of, 414

  Sargent’s portraits at, 419

  theme of, 416

  Wild West Show in, 416

  Universal Exposition of 1900:

  American art in, 448

  American products in, 447

  attendance at, 446

  criticism of, 446–47

  Galerie des Machines in, 447

  Henry Adams at, 447–48

  size of, 446

  Vail, Alfred, 152, 155, 159

  Valet, Mathilde, 456

  Van Buren, Martin, 153, 160

  Vanderbilt, Cornelius, 431

  Vanderlyn, John, 64

  Van Dyck, Anthony, 90

  Véfour, 53

  Velázquez, Diego, 332, 339, 341, 343, 348, 351, 389

  Velpeau, Alfred-Armand-Louise-Marie, 105–6, 114–15, 125, 130, 132

  Vendôme Column, demolition of, 316–17

  Venus de Milo, 326–27

  Verdi, Giuseppe, 229

  Verne, Jules, 256–57

  Veronese, Paolo, 62, 90–91, 95

  Versailles, 146, 176, 308, 311, 318

  Véry’s, 52, 227

  Veteran in a New Field, The (Homer), 243

  Vibrio cholerae, 87

  Victoria, Queen of England, 143, 161, 183–84, 219, 232

  Victoria Hotel, 166

  Voltaire, 57, 147, 298, 410, 425, 456

  Wagner, Richard, 235, 451

  Wall of the Communards, 324

  Walsh, Robert, 181, 196

  Warner, Olin, 255, 264, 298, 304

  War of 1812, 79, 144

  Warren, Anna Crowninshield, 134

  Warren, John Collins, 6, 14, 110, 133

  Warren, Jonathan Mason, 6, 14, 30, 34, 53, 108–10, 112–13, 114, 118, 119, 120, 123, 124–25, 127–30, 135, 424

  description of, 109

  Paris revisited by, 136

  surgical practice of, 133

  Washburn, Cadwallader, 269, 275, 276, 278

  Washburn, Israel (E. B. Washburn’s brother), 275, 277, 280

  Washburn, Israel (E. B. Washburn’s father), 274

  Washburn, Martha Benjamin, 274–75

  Washburn, Reuel, 276

  Washburne, Adele Gratiot, 269, 272, 277–79, 280, 305, 306, 315, 327, 355

  Washburne, Elihu, Jr., 269

  Washburne, Elihu B., 244, 258, 259, 261, 267, 268–69, 303, 304, 310, 334, 336

  attempts to save Archbishop Darboy by, 313–15, 318–21, 325

  background of, 273–76

  on Civil War era, 278 “e” added to name of, 275

  education of, 276

  on fall of Second Republic, 260

  Fish’s praise of, 293–94, 305

  Galena, Ill. “Golden Years” of, 276–77

  on German occupation of Paris, 305–6

  Grant’s appointment of, 273–74, 278–79

  Healy’s portraits of, 269, 355

  Lincoln and, 278

  marriage of, 277

  office of, 271

  in Paris Commune, 305–15, 318–21, 323, 325

  Paris Commune diary of, 312–13, 321, 324–25, 328–29

  political career of, 277–78

  on post-Civil War era, 251–52

  resignation of, 355

  siege diary of, 285–86, 287, 289, 290, 291–94, 295, 297, 298–301

  in siege of Paris, 269–70, 271, 281, 282–83, 304–6

  tributes to, 328

  Washburne, Gratiot, 269, 283, 291, 294, 300, 313, 319

  Washburne, Hempstead, 269

  Washburne, Marie, 269, 279

  Washburne, Susie, 269

  Washburne, William, 269

  Washington, George, 11, 75, 94, 144, 145, 146, 360

  Washington Monument, 405

  Watts, Fanny, 392

  Webster, Daniel, 146, 149, 177, 197–98, 205, 223–24

  Webster, Noah, 83–84

  Webster’s Reply to Hayne (Healy), 197–99

  first showing of, 198

  notable figures in, 197

  purchases of, 198–99

  size and composition of, 197

  Weir, J. Alden, 335, 343, 348, 349, 415–16

  Weir, John Ferguson, 249

  Welles, Gideon, 273–74, 279

  Welles, Samuel, 120

  West, Benjamin, 8, 64, 78–79, 96

  Western Union, 248

  Wharton, Edith, 257

  Whistler, George, 221

  Whistler, James McNeill, 221–22, 249, 351, 409, 428, 448

  White, Stanford, 366, 373, 381, 385, 410, 430

  Gussie Saint-Gaudens disliked by, 369–70, 434

  murder of, 454

  Saint-Gaudens’s collaboration with, 367, 369–71, 376–77, 378, 382–83

  Saint-Gaudens’s friendship with, 366, 369–70, 376–77

  in tour of southern France, 367–68

  White Cloud, 168, 171

  White Girl (Whistler), 249

  Whittlesey, Elmira, 263

  Wilde, Oscar, 10, 423

  Willard, Emma Hart, 4, 59, 206, 215

  background of, 4–5

  Cooper admired by, 74

  first Paris impression of, 26, 28–29

  on Italian Opera and “genteel society,” 48–49

  Lafayette and, 29, 58

  Louvre visited by, 42–43, 58

  mail service deplored by, 55–56

  Paris described by, 40–41

  on Roman Catholicism, 23

  in trans-Atlantic voyage, 18–19

  Willard, John, 5

  Williams, Henry, 133

  Willis, Nathaniel Parker, 9–10, 20, 34, 36, 37, 44, 47, 49, 50, 55, 58, 62, 67, 68, 74, 92, 129, 151

  cholera epidemic and, 85–86, 88

  Cooper observed by, 84–85

  in journey to Paris, 22, 24, 26–27

  Morse and Cooper observed by, 84–85

  in trans-Atlantic voyage, 14–16

  Wissembourg, Battle of, 259

  Woman Reading (Cassatt), 387

  Woman with the Glove, The
(Carolus-Duran), 343

  Woolsey, Melancthon T., 37–38, 70

  Worth, Charles Frederick, 252

  Wörth, Battle of, 259

  Yale University, 70, 75

  Morse at, 76–77, 80

  Yardley, Olivia, see Bowditch, Olivia Yardley

  Young Stethoscopist, The (Bowditch), 133

  Zarafa (giraffe), 45

  Zola, Émile, 332

  This and the following page constitute an extension of the copyright page.

  Illustration Credits. The illustrations appear courtesy of the following sources: akg-images / The Image Works, Woodstock, NY: 22 • Alinari Archives / The Image Works, Woodstock, NY: 2 • Archives of American Art, Smithsonian Institution, Washington, D.C.: 63 (R.L. Ormond material), 77 (Artists in their Paris studios collection), 82 (Everett Shinn collection) • The Art Institute of Chicago, Chicago, IL, Friends of American Art Collection, No. 1924.37: 83 • Author’s Collection: front and back endpapers, 1, 5, 28, 29, 48, 137 • Bibliothèque de la Sorbonne, Paris, France / Archives Charmet / The Bridgeman Art Library International: 24 • Boston Art Commission, Boston, MA: 34 • Bowditch, Vincent . Life and Correspondence of Henry Ingersoll Bowditch,Vol. I. Boston: Houghton Mifflin, 1902: 17 • The Bridgeman Art Library International: iv • Bridgeman-Giraudon /Art Resource, New York, NY: 78 • The British Library / HIP / The Image Works, Woodstock, NY: 7 • Charles Sumner Papers, bMS AM 1.60 (6), Houghton Library, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA: 26 • Château de Versailles, France / Giraudon / The Bridgeman Art Library International: 58 • Cleveland Museum of Art, Cleveland, OH, George Peter Alexander Healy, Self-Portrait, 1852. Gift of the John Huntington Art and Polytechnic Trust, No. 1915.601.: 12 • Collection of the City of New York. Photograph by Glenn Castellano. Courtesy of the Design Commission of New York, NY: 8 •Erich Lessing / Art Resource, New York, NY: 56, 60 • Fine Arts Museums of San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, Bouguereau’s Atelier at the Académie Julian, Paris (detail), Gift of Mr. and Mrs. John D. Rockefeller 3rd, No. 1979.7.26: 81 • Flint Institute of Arts, Flint, MI, Gift of the Whiting Foundation, No. 1967.32: 69 • Fenimore Art Museum, Cooperstown, NY, James F. Cooper, 1822 by John Wesley Jarvis, N0146.1977. Photograph by Richard Walker: 10 • Galignani’s New Paris Guide, 1830. Published by A. and W. Galignani, Paris, France: 3 • Collecíon Gasca / Iberfoto / The Image Works, Woodstock, NY: 30 • George Eastman House, International Museum of Photography and Film, Rochester, NY: 32 (detail) • Getty Images, Chicago, IL: 6 (Kean Collection); 16 (Rischgitz); 31, 51 (Apic); 35, 44 (Hulton Archives); 36 (Museum of the City of New York); 45 (Popperfoto) • Harry Ransom Humanities Research Center, The University of Texas at Austin, Gernsheim Collection, Insurgés non réclame: 57 • Harper’s Weekly, January 11, 1868: 15 • Countway Library of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA: 19, 20, 21 • Robert Henri Papers, Archives of American Art, Smithsonian Institution, Washington, D.C.: 84 • The Hermitage: Home of President Andrew Jackson, Nashville, TN: 33 • Illustrated London News, August 22, 1857: 47 • Isabella Stewart Gardner Museum, Boston, MA: 74 • Library of Congress, Washington, D.C.: xii-xiii, xiv-xv, 37, 43, 54, 55, 61, 79 • Massachusetts Historical Society, Boston, MA: 18, 86 • The Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York, NY / Art Resource, New York, NY: 64, 70, 76 • Musée de la Ville de Paris, Musée Carnavalet, Paris, France: The Bridgeman Art Library, New York, NY: 52, 53 • Musée Carnavalet / Roger-Violett / The Image Works, Woodstock, NY: 4, 85 • Museum of Fine Arts, Boston, MA, Gift of Mary Louisa Boit, Julia Overing Boit, Jane Hubbard Boit, and Florence D. Boit in memory of their father, Edward Darley Boit, No. 19.124: 75 • National Park Service, Longfellow House-Washington Headquarters National Historic Site Archives, Cambridge, MA: 25, 27 • National Portrait Gallery, Smithsonian Institution, Washington, D.C. / Art Resource, New York, NY: 62, 80 • ND / Roger-Viollet / The Image Works, Woodstock, NY: 88 • Collection of the NewYork Historical Society, New York, NY, The Reading Club: Portrait of John Singer Sargent seated with another man reading Shakespeare, ca. 1875; Accession # 1935.85.2.151 and In the Atelier of Carolus-Duran: John Singer Sargent Painting in the Company of Frank Fowler and unidentified artist; Accession # 1935.85.2.245; by James Carroll Beckwith: 73 • New York Public Library for the Performing Arts Music Division, Astor, Lenox and Tilden Foundation, New York, NY: 38 • Private Collection, Peter Newark American Pictures / The Bridgeman Art Library, New York, NY: 40 • Private Collection, Christie’s Images / The Bridgeman Art Library International, New York, NY: 68 • Réunion des Musées Nationaux, Paris, France / Art Resource, New York, NY: 14, 39 • Roger-Viollet / The Image Works, Woodstock, NY: 87, 265 • Ruthmere, Elkhart, IN: 9 • Saint-Gaudens Papers, Dartmouth College, Rauner Library, Hanover, NH: 66, 90 • Scala / Art Resource, New York, NY: 42, 46 • Scala / White Images / Art Resource, New York, NY: 1 • Schlesinger Library, Radcliffe Institute, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA: 50 • Smithsonian American Art Museum, Washington, D.C. / Art Resource, New York, NY: 41 • Sterling and Francine Clark Art Institute, Williamstown, MA / The Bridgeman Art Library, New York, NY: 71 • Tate Gallery, London / Art Resource, New York, NY: 72 • Terra Foundation for American Art, Chicago, IL / Art Resource, New York, NY, Samuel F. B. Morse, Gallery of the Louvre, Daniel J. Terra Collection, 1992.51: 11 • U.S. Dept. of Interior, National Park Service, Saint-Gaudens National Historic Site, Cornish NH: 49, 65, 67 (photograph by Dewitt Clinton Ward), 89, 91 (photograph by Kevin Daley) • Wellcome Library, London: 23 • Emma Willard School Archives, Troy, NY: 13.

  Text Permissions. The author gratefully acknowledges permision from the following sources to use material in their control: Moore College of Art and Design Archives, Philadelphia, PA, for excerpts from the letters of Emily Sartain • National Academy Museum and School of Fine Arts, New York, NY, for excerpts from the Papers of James Carroll Beckwith • Philadelphia Museum of Art, Carl Zigrosser Collection, Philadelphia, PA, for excerpts from the Family Letters of Mary Cassatt • Harvard Medical School Library, Countway Building, Boston, MA, for excerpts from the Papers of James Jackson Sr. and Jr. (H MS c8.1 folders 1–9 and H MS c8.2 folders 1016).

 


 

  David McCullough, The Greater Journey: Americans in Paris

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