Read The Last Battle: The Classic History of the Battle for Berlin Page 57


  illness of, 264, 403, 470

  last hours and suicide of, 494-98, 500

  last messages of, 466

  military errors of, 84-85, 89, 130-31, 256-57, 273

  Order of the Day (April 15), 362-63

  orders Goering’s arrest, 468-69

  permits landing strip on East-West Axis, 379

  policy on retreating, 475

  portraits of, 19, 22-23, 263, 369

  relieves Guderian, 225-29

  scorched-earth policy of, 172-73, 332-35, 408

  Steiner attack and, 423, 426-27

  Speer and, 172-73, 176, 332-33

  on treachery, 416, 497

  Hitler Youth, 52, 112, 382, 383, 386, 398-99, 442, 451, 453, 478

  decorated by Hitler, 403-4

  Hodges, Lieutenant General Courtney H., 178

  First Army of, 129-30, 131, 204, 207, 282, 326, 472

  Hoffman, Rosie, 32, 486

  Hohenzollerndamm, 65, 220, 376

  Holland, 135, 234, 326

  Hollingsworth, Major James F., 181, 289-90, 305, 306-9, 317

  Hölz, Colonel Arthur, 384

  Home Guard (Vclkssturm), 113, 131, 218, 265, 277, 305, 306-7, 375, 376, 380, 384, 400, 413, 422, 478

  number and organization of, 382-83

  return home, 479

  weapons for, 106, 383

  Hopkins, Harry, 147

  Hoppegarten, 358, 430, 434

  Horsemeat, 453

  House of Tourist Affairs, 422

  Householder, Sergeant Charles, 312-13

  Hückel, Annemarie, 36, 423

  Hückel, Dr. Rudolf, 32, 423

  Hughes, Brigadier Hugh L. Glyn, 44-45, 191, 328

  Hull, Cordell, 153n

  Hull, Lieutenant General John Edwin, 469-70

  Humboldthain, 167, 382

  Hungarian units, 70, 76, 265

  Hungary, 70, 76, 85

  I

  Intelligence agents

  Communist, 37

  in Switzerland, 212

  Wiberg, 23, 59, 136-38, 366-67, 400-1, 492

  Internal Affairs Ministry building, 302

  International Red Cross warehouses, 493

  Invalidenstrasse, 441, 442

  Invasion, see Operation Overlord

  Iowa, U.S.S., 140, 141, 145-49

  Ismay, General Sir Hastings, 139, 161, 232

  Italian Army, 376

  Italy, 156, 235, 446

  Ivanov, Major General Georgi Vasilievich, 356

  “Ivy Division” (4th Infantry Division), 128

  Izvestia (newspaper), 429

  J

  Jacobi, Dr. Gerhard, 486-87

  Jakubek, Erwin, 495, 497

  Janssen, Dora, 418-19, 460, 489

  Jehovah’s Witnesses, 431-2

  Jessen-Schmidt, Hennings, 137-38, 366-67, 401, 492

  Jesuits, 25, 487

  Jewish Community Bureau, 41

  Jews, 28, 327

  remaining in Berlin, 40-44, 262-63, 461-64

  Jodl, Colonel General Alfred, 78, 83, 116, 173, 226-27, 261, 268, 339, 376, 401-4, 435-36, 467, 474

  Eclipse maps and, 96-104, 436n

  Hitler’s remark on suicide to, 405

  marriage of, 107

  Jodl, Luise, 97-101, 103n, 107, 401-2, 405n

  Johnson, Lieutenant Colonel Briard P., 284

  Johnson, Colonel Walter M., 292

  Junge, Gertrud, 494-97

  Jungmittag, Biddy, 36

  K

  Kaether, Colonel, 428

  Kaganovich, Lazar M., 248

  Kaiser-Wilhelm Memorial Church, 14, 165, 486

  Karinhall, 300-1, 397, 426

  evacuated, 401-3

  Karlsbad, 76

  Karlshorst, 42, 447

  Karstadt’s department store, 417, 450-52

  Katukov, Colonel General Mikhail Yefimovich, 193-94, 302, 348, 361-62, 367-68

  First Guards Tank Army of, 302, 361, 367-68, 390-91, 428

  Katushkas, 345, 348-49, 420, 479, 513

  “KCB” pill, 32

  Keitel, Field Marshal Wilhelm, 78, 226-28, 260, 261, 403

  attempts to persuade Hitler to leave Berlin, 435-36

  Keitel, Field Marshal (continued)

  determination of, 467-68

  dismisses Heinrici, 476-77

  visits Wenck, 436, 443-45

  Kelm, Alexander, 453

  Kempka, SS Colonel, Erich, 337, 498

  Kennan, George F., 157, 183

  Kesselring, Field Marshal Albert, 277, 297, 404

  Ketzler, Gertrud, 33, 166

  Khudyakov, Marshal Sergei V, 19n

  Kiel, 124, 329

  King, Captain Charles, 134

  King, Admiral Ernest J., 140, 147

  Kinnard, Colonel Harold, 125

  Kinzel, General Eberhard, 92-93, 221-22, 225, 229-30, 427

  Kloptsch, Else “Eddy,” 37-38, 60, 493

  Klosterdorf, 386

  Klotz, Jurgen-Erich, 409

  Kluge, Field Marshal Günther von, 66, 75

  Knight, Captain Jack A., 307-8

  Knoblauch, Eva, 437

  Koch, Ilse, 327

  Koch, Jolenta, 491

  Köckler, Maria, 35

  Koenig, Lieutenant General Joseph, 177

  Kohler, Major Haley E., 285

  Kolb, Ingeborg, 20-21, 58

  Kolb, Robert, 20-21, 58

  Kolb, Lieutenant Colonel Roland L., 289

  Kolberg, 66, 269

  Kolberg (film), 373

  Koller, General Karl, 261, 405, 426-27, 436, 468

  Koniev, Marshal Ivan Stepanovich, 21, 38, 184, 194, 248n, 449, 472

  background of, 245-46

  called to Moscow, 243-51

  drives for Berlin, 391-93, 396, 412, 434

  fears unilateral surrender, 354-55

  Neisse offensive of, 353-57, 368, 385

  plans attack on Berlin, 250-51, 254

  König, Ilse, 408

  Königin-Luise Strasse, 18, 166

  Königsberg, 378

  Köpenick, 166, 358, 372

  Korab, Alexander, 493

  Korolevich, Pfc Alexander, 332

  Kosney, Corporal Herbert, 46-48, 61, 262, 431-32, 440-42

  Kosney, Kurt, 47-48, 61, 262, 431-32

  Köster, Ursula, 484-85

  Köthenerstrasse, 171

  Kotzebue, Lieutenant Albert, 470-71

  Kraft, Fritz, 408

  Kramer, Staff Sergeant Wilfred, 324

  Krampnitz, 436

  Krebs, Lieutenant General Hans, 80, 225, 276-77, 385, 403, 404, 413-15, 426-28, 434, 438-39, 448, 472, 496, 497, 515

  appointed Chief of OKH, 228, 230

  at Führerbunker conference with Heinrici, 260-61, 264-68, 273

  suicide of, 502, 503

  in surrender negotiations, 498-500

  Kremlin described, 243-44

  Kreuzberg, 24, 29, 59, 489

  Kreuznacherstrasse, 369

  Krüger, Eleanore, 43, 447, 462

  Krüger, Otto, 42

  Krupp and Druckenmüller plant, 262, 372

  Kulmbach, 174, 374

  Kunz, SS Colonel Helmut, 495

  Kurfürstendamm, 14, 54, 165, 406, 418

  Küster, Klaus, 52, 451, 453, 488-89

  Küstrin, 87-89, 93-94, 224-26, 254, 256, 265, 335, 345-50, 360

  Kutuzov, General Mikhail, 247

  Kuznetsov, General Vasili, 361

  L

  L Tower, 167; see also Zoo Bunker (Zoo towers)

  Lammerding, General Heinz, 92

  Lamprecht, Dr. Günther, 31

  “Land Forces Commander,” 204, 205

  Landwehr Canal, 382, 408, 481

  Lang, Captain Hellmuth, 111, 506-7

  Latvia, 142

  Leahy, Fleet Admiral William D., 150

  Leckscheidt, Dr. Arthur, 24-25, 59, 369-70, 452

  Legathière, Raymond, 48, 373

  Le Havre, 202

  Lehrterstrasse Prison, 45-48, 61, 262, 431-32, 439-42

  Leibl, Wilh
elm, 168

  Leibman, Lieutenant Gerald P., 135

  Leipzig, 148, 156, 283, 297

  Eisenhower’s plans to advance on, 202, 203, 215, 217, 232, 237, 238, 249, 326

  Leipzigerstrasse, 480

  Lelyushenko, General D. D., 412

  Leningrad, siege of, 34

  Lichtenberg, 13, 42, 358, 430, 447, 462

  Lichtenrade, 434

  Linge, SS Sturmbannführer Heinz, 498

  Linz, 216

  Lippert, Julius, 408-9

  Lipschitz, Joachim, 42-43, 447, 462

  Lithuania, 142

  Looting by Germans, 450-53

  Loringhoven, Major Freytag von, 80-81, 227

  Louis XVI, King of France, 197

  Lübben, 256, 357, 368, 391, 396, 449

  Lübeck, 116, 144, 329, 410

  Luftwaffe, 131, 167, 223, 365, 378, 426

  bombs OKH command column, 413

  Luftwaffe (continued)

  Fieseler Storch brought down by Piper Cub, 190, 310-12

  Goering’s personal guards from, 300, 402, 426

  ground combat forces of, 269-70, 271, 272, 395

  last commander of, 482-83

  Luxembourg, 146

  Lyne, Major General Louis, 280

  7th Armored Division of, 128, 134, 135, 280-81

  M

  McCloy, John J., 153

  McLain, Major General Raymond S., 180, 293, 304, 322

  McWhinnie, Sergeant Hugh, 281

  Macon, Major General Robert C., 128, 180, 285, 288, 290

  83rd Infantry Division of, 128-29, 134, 285, 288, 290-91, 319-20, 322, 325, 330

  Magdeburg, 284, 443, 446

  Americans arrive at, 305-6

  German defense of, 298, 315, 322, 365, 388

  Magder, Herbert, 409

  Mahlsdorf, 358

  Maigatter, Elfriede, 451-52

  Mainz, 129, 147

  Majewski, Elena, 450, 489-91

  Malenkov, Georgi M., 248

  Malta meeting of Combined Chiefs of Staff, 139, 207

  Manstein, Field Marshal Erich von, 66

  Manteuffel, General Hasso von, 87, 110, 395-96, 473, 474-77

  Third Panzer Army of, 87, 222, 265-66, 299, 352, 353, 394-96, 402, 415, 423, 438, 472-73, 475

  Maps of occupation zones

  German capture of, 90, 96-104, 116, 278, 363-64, 436n

  Roosevelt’s map, 147-49, 156, 163

  Maps used by U.S. Army, 134

  Mariendorf, 449

  Marienfelde, 49, 372

  Marquardt, Dodo, 369

  Marshall, General of the Army George C., 126, 147, 148n, 149, 153n, 469

  on capture of Berlin, 278-79

  messages to Eisenhower, 199, 214-15, 216, 234, 236-39

  Martin, Lieutenant William S., 310-12

  Matzker, Father Alfons, 487-88

  Maybach I, 77-79

  Maybach II, 77-79

  Mecklenburg lakes, 475

  Melanchthon Church, 24, 59, 370

  Menzel, Gerhard, 503

  Merriam, Lieutenant Colonel Wheeler G., 132-33, 289, 305-6

  Meteorological station (Potsdam), 372, 450n

  Meunier, Christa, 31-32

  Michael, King of Rumania, 162

  Michalke, Father Joseph, 487-88

  Miede, Hans, 422, 461

  Mikoyan, Anastas I., 248

  Milbrand, Elisabeth, 359, 457

  Milk, 17-19, 57, 369, 458-59

  Minden, 291

  Mission Sisters of the Sacred Heart, 25-26, 59, 370-71, 455-56, 464-65, 491-92

  Mittenwalde, 449

  Moabit, 450

  Model, Field Marshal Walter, 131, 282, 396

  Mogg, Warrant Officer Ronald, 389-90

  Möhring family, 40-41, 262, 358, 462

  Möller (Nazi), 489

  Molotov, Vyacheslav M., 248

  Monte Cassino, 272, 397

  Montgomery, Field Marshal Sir Bernard Law, 103, 116, 177-79, 185

  Eisenhower holds up drive to Berlin by, 216-17, 232-42, 279-80

  opposes Eisenhower, 202-6, 232, 233-34, 241

  plans drive for Berlin, 135-36, 139-40, 165, 199-202, 206-7

  Twenty-first Army Group of, 116, 129, 135-36, 139-40, 200, 216-17, 232-33, 282, 325-26

  Mopti, 454

  Morell, Professor Theodor, 264n

  Morgan, Lieutenant General Sir Frederick E., 182, 201, 241

  plans Rankin C, 141-42, 144-45, 150

  Morgenthau plan, 161n

  Moscow, 143

  Heinrici’s stand at, 73-74

  Kremlin described, 243-44

  Moscow Conference (1943), 143

  Moselle River, 130

  Mosely, Philip E., 152, 156, 157, 158, 159n, 183

  Mourmelon-le-Grand, 124

  Movie theaters, 373

  Mulde, 297, 298

  Müller, SS Grüppenführer Heinrich, 46, 47

  Müller, Inge, 367, 492

  Müller-Hillebrand, Major General Burkhart, 476, 477

  Müncheberg, 358, 397, 398, 407

  Munich, 202, 216, 230, 497

  Murphy, Robert 159n, 177

  Museum treasures stored, 167-68

  Mussolini, Benito, 497

  N

  Napoleon I, Emperor of the French, 194, 247

  Nassenheide, 474

  National Redoubt (Alpenfestung)

  Eisenhower’s plans against, 216, 237, 238, 279, 329-30

  intelligence reports on, 209-14

  map of, 211

  proven a chimera, 446-47

  Nauen, 445

  Naumann, Dr. Werner, 29, 437, 496, 497, 501, 502

  Nazis, 19, 24, 28, 32, 51-56

  Berliners’ attitude to, 52, 371-72

  flight of, 69, 405-7

  suicide of, 34, 407

  Nebe, General Artur, 47

  Neisse River, 86, 87

  Russian offensive over, 255, 353-57, 368

  Nelson, Lieutenant Clarence A., 133

  Nestorstrasse, 23

  Neuenhagen, 39, 430

  Neukölln, 418, 448, 452

  Neumann, Edith, 29

  Neumann, Hugo, 29

  Nicodemus, Lieutenant Robert E., 312-13

  Nicolaieff, Dr., 350

  Niedieck, Lieutenant Gerda, 466, 514

  Niemöller house, 454

  Nijmegen, 120, 129

  Nikolassee, 36

  Nolte, Fire Colonel Wilhelm, 479

  Norway, 238, 329, 446

  Norwegian volunteers in German Army, 222

  Notte Canal, 434

  Novikov, Sergeant Nikolai Georgievich, 346-47

  Nuremberg, 202, 203

  Nuremberg trials, 104n, 407n

  O

  Obersalzberg, 125, 210

  Occupation of Germany

  airborne assault on Berlin planned, 120-25, 147, 179, 249, 281-82

  British planning for, 141-42, 144-45, 150

  conflict between State and War departments, 151-52, 156-57

  corridors to Berlin proposed, 152, 158-59

  French zone accepted, 162

  German capture of maps for, 90, 96-104, 116, 278, 363-64, 436n

  joint occupation of Berlin planned, 143, 144, 148, 154, 159

  Roosevelt’s objections to plans for, 141, 145-50, 154-61

  Russians accept Rankin C plan for, 153-54

  zones formally approved, 162

  Oder Bruch, 352, 360

  Oder front

  condition of German troops on, 222-24, 265-66, 269, 272-73

  German reinforcements to, 271-72, 414 335, 342

  Küstrin attack, 93-94, 224-26

  plans for Russian offensive on, 21-22, 250-51, 254, 299, 301-3

  Russian offensive on, 345-53, 360-65, 367-68, 384-86, 390-99, 434, 437-39, 472-76

  Russians’ original positions on, 87-90, 193, 208-9, 265

  Ohnesorge, Wilhelm, 303

  Ohrdruf concentration camp, 327-28

  OKH (Army High Command), 77-79, 229-30, 466

  evacuates
Zossen, 413

  Guderian relieved as Chief of, 225-29

  Krebs appointed Chief of, 228

  united with OKW, 466, 467

  OKW (Armed Forces High Command), 77-79, 96, 230, 466

  united with OKH, 466, 467

  “voice” of, 446

  Olbertz, Dr. Albert, 47

  Olympic Stadium, 479

  Omaha Beach, 315

  Operation Anvil, 238

  Operation Eclipse (Rankin C)

  accepted by Russians, 153-54

  German capture of maps of, 90, 96-104, 116, 278, 363-64, 436n

  Morgan’s planning of, 141-42, 144-45, 150

  planned airborne assault on Berlin under, 120-25, 147, 179, 249, 281-82

  Roosevelt’s objections to, 145-50, 154-57

  Operation Effective, 125

  Operation Eruption, 124

  Operation Jubilant, 125, 282

  Operation Overlord (Invasion), 122, 141, 315, 375

  Roosevelt’s objections to, 146-47

  Operation Rankin, see Operation Eclipse

  Operation Talisman, 122

  Oppenheim, 116

  Oranienburgstrasse, 408

  OSS (Office of Strategic Services), 23

  on National Redoubt, 210, 212

  Osterwieck, 306

  Ostmann, Colonel Hermann, 294-26, 389-90, 409-12, 508-9

  P

  Pankow, 13, 40, 262, 358, 429, 462-64, 478, 487

  Panzer, Hildegard, 511

  Panzerbar, Der, 450

  Panzerfäuste, 52, 385-86, 391, 399

  Pariser Platz, 378

  Parkins, Lieutenant Bill, 324

  Patch, Lieutenant General Alexander, Seventh Army of, 125, 130, 213

  Patton, Lieutenant General George S., 135, 178

  Montgomery and, 205

  at Ohrdruf concentration camp, 327-28

  Third Army of, 116, 130, 131, 207, 282, 283n, 297, 326, 327

  Pemsel, Lieutenant General Max, 106, 375-76

  Pergamon sculptures, 167

  Petcoff, First Sergeant George, 293

  Peters, Major Alcee L., Jr., 317-18

  Philharmonic Orchestra, 16, 171-72

  evacuation plan for, 173-75, 373-75, 386-87

  Plassenburg, 174

  Piön, 506-7

  Plötzensee, 431

  Pluskat, Major Werner, 315, 446

  Poganowska, Lisbeth, 18

  Poganowska, Richard, 17-20, 57, 369, 458-59

  Poland, 161, 193

  1939 Russo-German clash in, 209

  Russian claims to, 142-43

  Stalin’s violation of Yalta agreement on, 162, 164

  Polevoi, Colonel Boris, 433, 504

  Police, Berlin, 16, 450

  Popiel, Lieutenant General Nikolai N., 249n, 302, 348, 350, 360-61, 390-91, 394

  Population of Berlin, 26-27

  Posen, 268

  Post office, 408