I congratulated him willingly. In the last year, when things were going badly and the people had war-fever, the informers had been a shame to the City. It was only with poor men that they simply laid information and took the reward. If he had a little, they took a bribe to keep quiet, and often informed in the end when he had nothing left. Some worked for themselves, some for rich blackmailers who made a business of it. Good hunting, Father, I said. But they're slippery game; they know every crack in the law, they always get away. — Not this time. Since the constitution is still upon the stocks, for once we can cut the law to their measure.
He laughed as he spoke. I looked up, the sound taking me back to another City; I saw again Hyperboles falling open-mouthed. With the Four Hundred too, I said, that was how it began.
Nonsense, he said; and I saw in his face the annoyance of a man who has been disturbed when he was at ease. You will do far better, Alexias, to forget you were mixed up in that Samos affair. I don't say it was any shame to you; too much discretion is unlovely in a youth of good blood; but the rough-and-ready faction fights of an overseas naval base are not understood here in the City. Keep that in mind, or you will do a great deal of harm, both to yourself and me. — Yes, Father. What trial are you giving these men? — A collective one, and too good for them. — Perhaps; but as a precedent? — That we have already, since the trial of the generals who left you to drown. The informers were rounded up next day, and condemned to death, no one dissenting. My father assured me afterwards that he had not seen a man in the dock whose name did not stink throughout the City. The week after, there was another arrest of informers. When I asked him how the trial had gone, he said, There will be some delay. One or two cases were more than doubtful. We voted to try them separately. He cleared his throat and added, There was some attempt to influence the Senate against it. But for an interim government, that was going too far.
There were no more mass trials, and the City was quiet some weeks. Then one morning a Spartan regiment was sighted on the Sacred Way. The Dipylon guard sent a runner to ask what should be done; and the Council sent back word to open.
They marched up to the gate with their tread of iron, between the tombs of our fathers. They crossed the Kerameikos, and the Agora, and marched on. People stood in the market, staring upward, while they climbed the ramp to the High City, and marched through the Porch into the precinct of the Maiden. There they stacked arms, and pitched their tents. At the feet of Athene of the Vanguard, and about the Great Altar, they lit their campfires and stewed their black broth.
In the courtyard I met my father, looking ill. I fancy he had hoped to avoid me. I said, I think, sir, you did not know of this.
I have come from Theramenes. It appears the Council had word of a conspiracy to seize the citadel, and put the leading citizens to death. — I see, sir. Did he give you any names? — They will be published after the arrests are made . We looked at each other, as father and son can, needing no words. He meant, Don't be troublesome if you want me to keep my temper; I have troubles enough, and I meant, You cannot face me and you know it. I could forgive you if you would own the truth. I was about to turn from him when he said, Theramenes can be trusted to watch events; he has always set his face against extremes. Remember, I expect discretion. With that he went indoors.
Kallibios, the Spartan general, was undersized for one of his race. His eyes were bitter; you could see in them the beatings of his boyhood, and a black insolence, full of hatred. Beside it one remembered the insolence of Alkibiades like a child's laughter. The Thirty fawned on him, and received him in their homes.
One got used to the sight of Spartans in the streets, staring open-mouthed at the shops, or walking in pairs looking scornfully before them. Some of the younger ones, I admit, seemed modest and mannerly. I saw one such, a fine tall youth, at Pistias' doorway, watching the work, and talking armour with a friend. They looked less dour than most of their fellows; I even heard them laugh. As I passed, the second man turned round and said, Good day, Alexias. I stared, and saw Xenophon.
Turning my face from him I walked away; not so much concerned to affront him, as to believe that my eyes had lied. Next time I met him he was alone. He put out his hand to stop me, with his open smile. Why are you angry with me, friend? What ails you? — Only what ails you too, I said.
He looked at me gravely, like one who has a right to feel hurt, but will set it by. See things as they are, Alexias. The City has to be policed; it is a measure against the mob, not people like ourselves. The Spartans respect a soldier and a gentleman, even if he has carried a spear against them. Young Arakos, whom you saw me with, is a splendid fellow. He and I nearly killed each other once in the hills near Phyle. If we don't bear malice, who else should? One must gain by the company of a man of honour, whatever his City. Virtue comes first; hasn't Sokrates always taught us so? His clear grey eyes looked straight into mine; he spoke from his soul.
I was silent, thinking of schooldays, and the puppy-fights in the washroom. It had seemed hardly more than backing different chariots at the Games. He was looking at me, and I saw the thought in his eyes: Do you do well to reproach me? Have I found a worse friend than Chremon? But there are things a gentleman does not say. There must be order, he said, in the City. Without order, how are men better than the beasts?
Lysis and I spoke little of events. We knew the rawness in one another's minds, and saw no sense in rubbing salt. We met to talk, or to be quiet, or to hear Sokrates, who was living just as usual, pursuing his enquiries into the nature of man's soul, justice and truth. As always, he took no part in politics, he only followed logic where it led. If some of the statements lately given the people did not stand up to logic, that was by the way.
Plato came less often than he had. When he entered upon politics, Sokrates' only advice to him had been to study law. No man expects to throw a clay water-jar, without first serving an apprenticeship. Do you think the art of governing men is easier? When he came to Sokrates, he seldom spoke; he listened, or withdrew into himself. He was like a sick man at a feast, who helps himself only to what he can keep down. I had not the folly to measure his grief by mine, the scar of a meteor's passage, printed on the sky by brightness and the act of flight.
Samos had fallen. Without a fleet they had never had any hope. Lysander had left the democrats their lives, and the clothes on their backs to carry into exile, and given the City to the oligarchs we had overthrown. So his work being done, he sailed home in triumph to Lakonia, with his trophies of war, and a shipload of treasure, of which not a drachma, they say, ever stuck to his fingers. He was a man not greedy of anything but power. But with every Spartan who handled the stuff it was not the same; and there are great changes, I am told, since gold came into Lakonia.
Kallibios' troops stayed on the High City; and every Athenian who wanted to sacrifice had to ask their leave. And now, the Council of Thirty used to make their arrests with a Spartan guard. They began with the metics. I myself saw Polymarchos the Shieldmaker led through the streets. I knew him, a man of culture who entertained philosophers. I turned to a bystander, and asked what was the charge.
Ah, said the man, they've caught him out at last, it seems. He was a seedy fellow; the whites of his eyes were like the whites of bad eggs. Sold some poor soldier thin bronze with filling, I suppose, and got him killed. That's the way these foreigners make their money, underselling honest men. — Well, we shall see when he's tried if he's guilty or not. — Guilty? Of course he is. He's the brother of Lysias the Speech-maker, who defended these dirty informers and got them off. Their house is full of atheists and anarchists, like that Sokrates, who teaches young men to mock the gods and beat their fathers. I looked at him. You could as well bring logic to a dog scratching for fleas. That is a lie, I said. Your mind stinks like your body. Then I went away and was ashamed. It is a sickness, I thought, and I have it like the rest.
Polymarchos was never tried. It was given out that he had been found guilty of treason, for su
fficient reasons, and given hemlock in prison. His brother Lysias slipping out at a back door had got away from Piraeus with his life. Their fortune was confiscated; to the state, the notice said. But the bronzes from their house were seen in the house of one of the Thirty. Afterwards others of them did much the same. Those who had profited already urged on the rest, so that they should all be in it alike. But Theramenes, it was noticed, refrained. He was looking ill, and when he supped at our house dieted himself, saying his stomach troubled him.
Before long, the City got quite used to the sight of people being put away without trial. They were only metics, after all. Then the Thirty began arresting democrats. And from this time on, there began to be two nations in the City. For it was no longer enough that a man, to be safe, should guard his tongue. It was necessary to surrender the soul; and many surrendered it.
One morning my father stopped me as I was going out. After some time beating about the point, at last it came. . . . So, all things considered, it might be well, while matters are so delicate, not to be seen in public with Lysis son of Demokrates.
The sunlight grew dark before my eyes. I felt sick. Father, I said, in the name of my mother, tell me. Is Lysis in danger? He looked at me with impatience. Tut, not that I know of. But he has no discretion. He gets himself talked about. I paused to command myself before I spoke. For ten years now, sir, when Lysis has been talked about I have had a share of his honour. What shall I sell it for? A bowl of black soup? A kiss from Kritias? How much? — You are offensive. I speak of common prudence. There are matters which cannot be opened to loose-tongued young men; but we may hope the present state of things will not last to the end of time. Meanwhile, I expect in this house the manners you learned from me, not those Sokrates teaches.
I saw deep lines about his eyes; lately he often looked tired. I was insolent, Father. I am sorry. But would you do yourself what you ask of me? He said after a moment, However, remember I only have one son,
I set out at once to call on Lysis. On the way, I saw ahead of me a back I knew by its breadth. Autolykos was making his way homeward from the palaestra.
As athletes went nowadays, he was considered notable for good looks and grace. He did not fight at much above the weight he had been at the Isthmus; having held his own against far heavier men, he had now the name of a classic fighter, a type of the golden age. Compared with what one saw now at every Games, I myself had come, little by little, to think him beautiful. At the last Games of Athene he had been crowned again.
I was thinking to overtake him for a word, when I saw at the head of the street Kallibios coming the other way, with two Spartan guards behind him. The middle of the road was mucky, but it was dry by the walls. Kallibios and Autolykos met, and stopped, and looked at one another, neither making way. People In the street about them stopped still where they were.
Kallibios said in his harsh Doric, Out of my way, lout. He need not have shouted to be heard. I saw Autolykos' back, steady as an oak; and then Kallibios' eyes, as his stick flew out. Autolykos stooped, moving easily, like a grown man playing with boys. As he straightened, above his shoulder appeared the face of Kallibios, rising in the air. His hands beat at Autolykos' shoulders; then he was tossed backward as lightly as a faggot, to land face down in the wet midden. Autolykos, without a glance to see where he had fallen, hitched his mantle and walked on, keeping the wall.
The whole street cheered, except those who were near enough to see Kallibios scraping muck from his face, and they were laughing. At the corner of the street Autolykos before he turned out of sight made the gesture by which a well-bred victor acknowledges applause on his way back to the dressing-room.
The two guards had been rather slow off the mark, getting no orders; now, when they sprinted after, they found their path full of impediments: laden donkeys, scuffling lads, even a group of women. But they soon overtook their man, since they were running and he was not. I think he considered taking them both on, with Kallibios as makeweight; then he saw the crowd following, and smiled, and went quietly. They did not dare to bind him. With every street we passed the crowd swelled, and grew noisier as people took courage from each other. When we reached the road to the High City we must have been near two hundred.
I had started near the front and managed to stay there. As we neared the Porch, I saw a man standing alone between the great pillars of Perikles. Even in that place, he still looked tall. Since his triumph in Sparta, it was Lysander's habit to come and go unheralded. He was a law unto himself.
Autolykos mounted the last few steps, between his guards. Lysander waited, in his scarlet tunic, unarmed, three paces ahead of his men. He was hated for many things, but not for cowardice. He and Autolykos were pretty nearly of a height. Their eyes met, measuring one another; and the voice of Kallibios, spluttering out his charge, grew quick and shrill. Neither of them looked at him.
Spartans do not practise the pankration as we know it. The law of the Games requires the loser to lift his hand in surrender; and no Spartan having done that is expected to show himself in Lakonia alive. So it is an event they do not enter for; but they like watching it as much as anyone. Lysander in particular was very fond of attending the Games, and being acclaimed there.
Autolykos stood in the Porch, calm as marble; I had seen him look so in the temple, waiting to be crowned. Lysander frowned; but could not keep the cold approval out of his hard blue eyes. Kallibios, smeared with mud to the hair, looked at the two big men feeling each other's strength; if he had had the power to turn everyone in sight to stone, he would have begun with Lysander. Everyone saw it, and Lysander, turning, saw it too.
His face told nothing. You are Autolykos the wrestler. Is this charge true? — He talks too fast, said Autolykos. I daresay it is.
Lysander said, Let the accused hear the charge, Kallibios. Did you say he assaulted you? What did he do? Kallibios stammered. Some of us in the crowd gave our evidence unasked. Lysander shouted for silence. Well, Kallibios? Repeat the charge. ' So Kallibios related again how he had been tossed in the midden; and the crowd cheered. Lysander said, How did he do it, Kallibios? I want a statement. Did he cross-buttock you, or what? Kallibios stood chewing his lips. Autolykos said, No, it was just a thigh- hold, and a straight lift. Lysander nodded. Is it true as these men say, that he took a stick to you? Autolykos in silence raised his hand to his forehead, where blood was trickling from his short thick curls. Charge dismissed, said Lysander. You are not working your farm with your Helots now, Kallibios. You had better learn how to govern free men.
The City was quiet for a day or two. Then a notice was put up, cut in marble, that Thrasybulos and Alkibiades had been proclaimed exiles.
Thrasybulos had fled to Thebes a week before. It was said to have been Theramenes who had warned him of what was planned for him. His sentence caused anger rather than surprise. But, as always, it was enough to set Alkibiades' name up in the Agora, to make people talk all day. What was he up to, that had scared the Thirty? He had left Thrace, it was said, and crossed to Ionia, and asked for safe-conduct to Artaxerxes the new King. Something was behind it. Some said he would never forgive the City for disgracing him unjustly a second time; others, that what he might not do for love of us, he would do from hatred of King Agis. Even after the battle at Goat's Creek, where he had been driven off with insults by the generals, fugitives came back whom he had sheltered in his hilltop castle, and saved their lives. Insolent he may be; but there is no meanness in him. That, from a boy, he never had. And people said, There is hope for the City, while Alkibiades lives. The news of his banishment seemed a promise of his return. It was said openly in the streets that the Thirty were only in office to frame a new constitution; it was time they presented their draft, and made way for others.
Soon after this, there was a roll-call of the troops; a parade without arms, to re-group the units. On the Academy parade-ground I chatted with some old friends; then, having missed Lysis in the crowd, called to see him. As I got to his house, I h
eard weeping within, and Lysis saying in the smothered voice of a man distracted, Here, dry your eyes. Never mind it. Be quiet now; I must go.
He came flinging out, nearly knocking me down upon the threshold. He was half-dazed, and shaking with anger. Grabbing hold of me, as if I might walk off, he said, Alexias. Those sons of whores have taken my armour. I said, What? Who have taken it? — The Thirty. While I was at roll-call. My spear, my shield; even my sword.
I stared at him like a fool. But it can't have been the Thirty. My arms are there; I've just come from home. — Listen. The street was beginning to roar with angry voices, and men were running from house to house. Your father is a Senator, he said.
There are evils one does not imagine, till one sees them done. As my father had been fond of saying, this was supposed to be a gentlemen's government. A gentleman, and a citizen, was reckoned to be a man who could defend the City in arms.
Command yourself, Alexias, Lysis was saying. What is this? I have had enough to do already with tears. — I am not weeping. I am angry. My face burned, and my throat felt bursting. Let them take my arms too; what honour is left in bearing them? — Don't be a fool. Arms are for use first, and for honour after. If you have arms, take good care of them. Lock them up.
Next day we learned that three thousand knights and hoplites had been left their weapons. My father was one, and they had mistaken my arms for his. These only had citizenship, and the right to judicial trial. Over all others, the Thirty claimed power of life and death.
People went about the City like walking dead. There was nowhere to turn. We ourselves had been the source, once, of justice and democracy in Hellas. We were drained by war; ringed with victorious enemies; beyond were the lands of the barbarians, where even men's minds are enslaved. What is there that will season salt?
My father said to me, Don't talk so wildly, Alexias. Few or many, a government that does well is good. Kritias is an intelligent man; responsibility will make him careful. — Will you make a drunkard temperate with more wine? — Between ourselves, Theramenes thinks three thousand too few. That is within these walls. But the principle is sound, that of an aristocracy. — Plato believes too in the rule of the best. When he heard Lysis had lost his arms, he could not speak for shame. — Don't quote Plato to me, my father said, as if he were some philosopher. I have heard enough of your scent-shop friends.