Plantagenet, George, son of Edward IV 41
Plantagenet, Katherine, daughter of Edward IV, later Countess of Devon 41, 206, 244
Plantagenet, Margaret, Countess of Salisbury 42, 49-50, 200, 250-1
Plantagenet, Margaret, daughter of Edward IV 41
Plantagenet, Margaret, Duchess of Burgundy 23, 226, 232, 234-6, 241-2
Plantagenet, Mary, daughter of Edward IV 23, 52-3
Plantagenet, Richard, Duke of Gloucester (see Richard III)
Plantagenet, Richard, Duke of York (d.1460) 15-17, 28-9, 31, 53, 116, 117, 125, 161
Plantagenet, Richard, Duke of York (d.1483) 41, 46, 52, 59, 64, 83, 94, 109-14, 114, 135, 140-1, 170-1, 174-5, 177-8, 232, 236, 239-42 (see also under 'Princes in the Tower, The')
Plantagenet, Richard, of Eastwell, Kent 31, 176-7
Plantagenet, Richard, son of Clarence 42
Plymouth, Devon 188
Pole, Henry, Lord Montagu 250
Pole, Henry, son of Montagu 250-1
Pole, Margaret, Countess of Salisbury (see Plantagenet, Margaret)
281
282
Pole, Reginald, Cardinal 250
de la Pole, Edmund, Earl of Suffolk, 244, 247
de la Pole, John, Duke of Suffolk 137, 243
de la Pole, John, Earl of Lincoln 69, 137, 142, 173, 200, 222, 231-2, 234-5, 243
de la Pole, Richard 244
de la Pole, William 244
Pontefract Castle, Yorks 85, 108, 121-3, 155
Poppelau, Nicholas von 31-2, 129
Portugal, King of 154
Potter, Jeremy 173
Pottyer, Richard 62 Poynings, Sir Edward 237-- 8
Princes in the Tower, The: declared bastards 124-7; moved to secure apartments in Tower m-12, 114, 139-42, 172; cease to appear 112, 138-40; attendants in Tower 140, 142; potential focus for rebellion 142-3, 162, 164, 172, 184; murder of xiv, 95, 149, 157-9, 191, 205, 218, 243-- 7, 252; date of murder 135, 139, 149, 157, 171; burial 159; alleged reburial 160-1; believed murdered 139, 144, 162, 166, 183, 184, 191-2, 198-9, 225-6, 227-8; controversy and speculation over their fate 163-- 78, 226-7, 231, 235-6; chroniclers' views on 1-13; search for bodies of 225-6, 247, 249; bones, not theirs, found in Tower 251; bones, probably theirs, found in Tower 113, 252-- 4; bones buried in Westminster Abbey 254; bones examined 255-- 8; also mentioned xiii, 1, 9, n, 58, 163, 190, 193, 195, 204, 216, 225, 233, 251 (see also under Edward V, King of England and Plantagenet, Richard, Duke of York and Norfolk)
Queen's College, Cambridge 23
Rae, Dr John 61
Raleigh, Sir Walter 251
Rastell, John 159-60, 225
Rastell, William 11
Ratcliffe, Sir Richard 78, 102, 108, 122-3, 151. 156, 211-12, 216
Rawcliffe, Carol 179
Reading Abbey, Berks 19
Reading, Berks 142
Redmore Plain, Leics 214-15
Rennes Cathedral, Brittany 190
Richard, Duke of York (see
Plantagenet, Richard) Richard II, King of England 14-15, 89. 139, 165
Richard III, King of England (formerly Richard Plantagenet, Duke of Gloucester): birth 28-9; childhood 29; created Duke of Gloucester 29; honours and appointments 29, 48, 56; possible involvement in death of Edward of Lancaster 26, 30; involved in murder of Henry VI 27-8, 30; character 30, 128-33, 165, 218; military career 30, 55-6, 90; bastards 31, 130, 173, 177, 200, 220, 241-2; appearance 3, 31-3, 116; alleged deformities 31-3, 104, 171; negotiates to marry Anne Neville 24, 33-4; relations with Clarence 33-4, 43; marries Anne Neville 34; relations with Anne Neville 34-5; northern affiliations 2, 93; inherits Warwick's lands 33-6, 43; swears allegiance to future Edward V 39; involvement in Clarence's downfall 48; reaction to Clarence's death 50-1; relations with and attitude to the Wydvilles 51, 55, 58, 62, 66; relations with Hastings 54, 66; loyalty to Edward IV 55, 90, 128-9, 218; Lord of the North
282
283
55~7. 58; relations with City of York 56-7, 155, 216; named Protector of the Realm by Edward IV 63, 71; protectorship opposed by the Wydvilles 64-5, 70, 73, 74-5; informed of Edward IV's death 66, 69; fear of Wydvilles 69-- 70; plans coup against the Wydvilles with Buckingham 70-2, 75-- 7; plots to usurp throne 70, 78, 82, 84, 91-3, 95-9, 101-2, 105-7, 111-- 27; professes loyalty to Edward V 71, 79-82, 85, 88, 90, 134, 171; mourns Edward IV 71; powers as protector limited by Council 74-5, 78; effects coup against Wydvilles 78-9, 84-8; gains contol of Edward V 79-82; moral propaganda of 79, 106, 130; seeks popularity and goodwill of people 82, 102, 143, 156, 189-90, 193; enters London with Edward V 87-8; proclaimed Protector of the Realm 89-90; as Protector 94-127; plans and accomplishes elimination of the Wydvilles and other opponents 91-3, 102, 106, in; moves against Hastings 97-8, 100-- 7; plots for and gains control of York 98, 109-n, 171-2; imprisons Princes in Tower 111-13; contemplates and plots death of Princes 113, 147-52, 156-8, 171-2; title to throne 124-6; usurpation of throne 126-8, 133, 192, 224; accession ceremonies 128; piety 130-2; books owned by 131, 133; court of 132-3; architectural interests and works 133; interest in chivalry and heraldry 133; interest in music 133; patron of scholars 123; unpopularity 128, 133, 136, 143, 198-9, 211; dependence on magnates 133-6, 140, 143, 186, 189; coronation 136-7; progress 138, 142-3, 147-51. 155-7. 185, 189; alienates Buckingham 148, 151, 180; as king 155-6, 192-3, 220; promotion of northerners 134, 140-1, 214; conspiracies against him, 1483 n, 143-7, 149, 155. 170-90; guilty of murder of Princes: arguments for and against 163-78, 184, 197-8, 225-8, 246, 258; rewards Princes' murderers 160; allegedly orders reburial of Princes 160-1; spreads rumours of Princes' deaths 161-2; perhaps informs Buckingham of Princes' murder 179; effect of murder of Princes on his security and reputation 183-- 7, 191. !93. 198-9. 217-18, 227, 247; insecure as king 189-90, 199, 205, 211; only Parliament of 192-3; compels Elizabeth Wydville to release her daughters from sanctuary 194-6, 232; grief over son's death 197-8; chooses successor 200-1, 222; establishes Council of the North 200; plans to marry Elizabeth of York 202-13, 223; callous treatment of Anne Neville 206-7; possible involvement in death of Anne Neville 5, 210-11; conspiracy to overthrow him, 1485 7, 11, 213-14; takes up arms against Henry Tudor 214-15; killed at Battle of Bosworth 215-16; treatment of corpse 216-17; burial and tomb 217; posthumously attainted 224-5; chroniclers' views on 1-13, 217-18, 249; controversy about xiii, 1-13; revisionist view of xiv, 11-- 12; also mentioned 2, 3, 22, 24, 29, 62, 85, 91, 142, 144, 173, 196-7, 200-1, 219, 229, 232, 236, 240, 243, 244, 252, 257-8
Richard III Society, The xiv, 217, 256
283
284
Richard of Clarence (see Plantagenet, Richard) Richard of Conisburgh, Earl of Cambridge 15
Riley, H. T. 5
Rochefort, Guillaume de, Chancellor of France 191-2
Rogers, Dr Juliet 257-8
Roper, Sir John 11
Roper, William 10
Rose and Crown Inn, Stony Stratford 77
Ross, Professor Charles 257
Ross, Dr Jean 257-8
Rotherham, Thomas, Archbishop of York 64, 83-6, 88, 91, 93, 97, 99, 101-4, 107, 136, 151, 207
Rous, John 5, 7, 28-9, 31-5, 43, 60, 63, 69, 75-6, 81, 88, 90, 95, 97, 121-4, 129, 133, 142, 158, 168, 171, 193-4, 199-200, 210-n, 215, 218, 223, 225
Royal Collection, The 32
Royal College of Physicians, The 174
Royal Mint, The 89
Roye, Jean de 49
Russell, John, Bishop of Lincoln, Lord Chancellor 4, 59, 64, 90-1, 98, 102, 106, 110-11, 114-15, 135, 145, 187, 214
St Albans, Battle of, 1455 16
St Albans, Battle of, 1461 17
St Albans, Herts 86-- 7
St George's Chapel, Windsor 18, 59, 69, 105, 161, 234
St John's Hospital, Clerkenwell 88, 212
St Leger, Sir Thomas 185, 188
St Martin le Grand, Priory of, London 34, 160
St Osyth's Priory, Essex 235
St Paul's Cathedral, London 27, 88, 96, 107, 116, 128, 130, 234
St Paul's School, L
ondon 174
St Pol, Count of 20, 22
St Stephen's Chapel, Westminster 34, 46
Salic Law, The 15, 219
Salisbury, Wilts 108, 185, 187
Sanctuary, The, Westminster Abbey 24-5, 83, 110-11, 144-5. 181, 194-195
Sandwich, Kent 58
Santa Cruz, Prior of 229
Scrope, Lady 25
Sebert, King of the East Saxons 210
Selaby, Co. Durham 141
Serigo, Dr 24, 26
Settlement, Act of, 1484 (see 'Titulus Regius')
Settlement, Act of, 1485 221-2
Shaa, Sir Edmund, Lord Mayor of London 81, 112, 115-16, 121
Shaa, Dr Ralph 116-17, 224
Shakespeare, William 11-12, 170, 249
Sheen Palace, Surrey 37, 50
Sheriff Hutton Castle, Yorks 85, 102, 121-2, 173, 200, 214, 219
Sheriff Hutton Church, Yorks 197
Sherwood Forest 214
Shore, Elizabeth 54-5, 65, 100, 104, 107-8, 130, 187
Shore, William 54-5, 187
Shrewsbury, Salop 214
Simnel, Lambert 231-5, 242
Simnel, Richard 235
Simnel, Thomas 235
Sixtus IV, Pope 41
Slaughter, William 140, 142, 158, 160
Society of Antiquaries of London, The 32
Somerset, Duke of (see Beaufort, Edmund)
Song of the Lady Bessy' 7, 61, 158, 168, 196, 208, 211, 213
Speed, John 11
Stacey, Dr John 44-5
Stafford, 5th Earl of 67
284
285
Stafford, Edward, 3rd Duke of Buckingham 188, 222
Stafford, Henry, 2nd Duke of Buckingham 22, 39, 47-8, 67-9, 71-2, 75-81, 86-8, 90-1, 95-7, 99, 101-2, 104-7, 109-11, 113-16, 121-7, 133, 135, 137, 140, 142-5, 148-9, 151-2, 172, 179-89. 193. 214, 222, 225, 228
Stafford, Sir Henry 153
Stafford, Humphrey, 1st Duke of Buckingham 67
Stafford, Staffs 214
Stallworthe, Simon 98-9, 110-11, 115, 119
Stanley, Thomas, Lord, later Earl of Derby 7, 61-2, 64, 88, 98-9, 102-4, 107, 136, 152, 154, 189, 196, 215, 216, 220, 228, 237
Stanley, Sir William 211, 215-16, 220, 237
Star Chamber, The, Westminster 93, 111
Stephen, King of England 154
Stillington, Robert, Bishop of Bath and Wells, Lord Chancellor 50, 88, 118-21, 137, 202, 220, 223-4, 235
Stoke, Battle of, 1487 226, 234-5, 243
Stonor Letters, The 2
Stonor, Sir William 98, 115
Stony Stratford, Northants 21, 77, 79
Stow, John 31, 97, 144
Stratford, John 23
Strasbourg, France 108
Sudeley Castle, Gloucs 118, 133
Suffolk, Duke of (see de la Pole, John)
Suffolk, Duchess of (see Plantagenet, Elizabeth)
Swynford, Katherine, Duchess of Lancaster 15, 153
Symonds, Richard 231-2
Talbot, Eleanor (see Butler, Eleanor)
Talbot, Elizabeth, Duchess of Norfolk 137, 170
Talbot, Sir Gilbert 236
Talbot, John, Earl of Shrewsbury 118
Talbot, Sir John 118
Tanner, Dr Lawrence E. 255-- 8
Taunton, Somerset 238
Tetzel, Gabriel 37
Tewkesbury Abbey, Gloucs 30, 42, 49
Tewkesbury, Battle of, 1471 26, 30, 94. 150
Tewkesbury, Gloucs 148
Thomas of Woodstock, Duke of Gloucester 67, 165
Thoresby, John 44
Tickenhill Manor, Bewdley, Worcs 40
Tiptoft, John, Earl of Worcester 51
Tirel, Walter 150
'Titulus Regius', Art of Settlement, 1484 4, 11, 117-18, 124, 126, 192, 204, 219-20, 222-4
Toulouse, France 6
Tournai, Picardy 236, 241-2
Tours, France 191
Tower Hill, London 239, 245, 247
Tower of London, The 6, 12, 17, 24-5, 27-8, 37, 46, 49, 64, 83, 86, 88-9, 93-4. 99. 102, 105-13, 126, 135-6, 140-4, 147-50, 157-9, 161-4, 169-72, 176, 195, 219, 225, 232-4, 238, 240, 244-5, 250-5, 258
Towton, Battle of, 1461 17, 20, 53, 94
'Trial of Richard III, The' (Channel 4) 163, 257
Tudor, Arthur, Prince of Wales 6, 228-9, 232, 235, 246
Tudor dynasty 184, 216, 222-3, 228, 235, 251
Tudor, Edmund, Earl of Richmond 62, 152-3
Tudor, Henry, Earl of Richmond (see Henry VII)
285
286
Tudor, Jasper, Earl of Pembroke, later Duke of Bedford 153-4, 180, 185
Tudor, Margaret, Queen of Scotland 229, 234, 251
Tudor, Mary, Queen of France 229
Tudor, Owen 153
Tudor-Craig, Pamela, Lady Wedgwood 179
Twynho, Ankarette 43-5, 49
Twynho, Roger 49
Tyburn, London 44, 188, 239
Tyrell, Sir James 35, 107, 147, 150-1, 156-60, 169-70, 176, 225, 243-9, 253
Tyrell, Mary 170, 245
Tyrell, Thomas 245, 248
Urbino, Italy 7
Urswick, Christopher n, 180-2
Valera, Diego de 167, 215, 217-18
Vaughan, Sir Thomas (d. 1483) 39-40, 75. 79. 80-1, 85-6, 91, 102, 121-3, 164
Vaughan, Sir Thomas, of Brecknock 187
Vaux.Joan 174
Vaux, Sir Nicholas 174
Vere, John de, Earl of Oxford 154
Vergil, Polydore 2, 4, 7-9, 11, 21, 26, 28, 31-3, 43, 48, 50, 61, 63, 70-1, 78, 99, 102-4, 106-7, 109, 111, 117, 121, 123, 126, 129, 141-2, 147-8, 151, 156, 158, 162, 166, 171, 172, 180-1, 184-5, 188, 194, 200, 206-8, 211-12, 214-17, 223-4, 229, 232, 238, 244, 247
Vienna, Austria 237
Vienne, Archbishop of 2
Wakefield, Battle of, 1460 17
Warbeck, John 241-2
Warbeck, Katherine 241-2
Warbeck, Perkin 231, 236-42
Warenne family 15
Warkworth, John 25, 27-8
Wars of the Roses, The 15-17, 20, 61, 67, 127, 164, 184, 220
Warwick Castle 42, 133, 149-51. 156
Warwick 142
Warwick Guildhall 44
Waterford, Ireland 237
Watling Street 75
Waurin, Jean de 21, 25, 53, 58
Wayte, Elizabeth (see Lucy, Elizabeth)
Webb, John or Jonathan 251
Welles, Avice 39
Welshpool, Salop 214 Wenlock, Lord 21
Westminster Abbey, London 18, 24-5. 34. 52, 69, 83, 100, 110, 123, 137, 145, 210, 221, 228, 254-6
Westminster Hall, London 128, 137, 203, 205
Westminster Palace, London 25, 37, 42, 45-6, 58, 62, 64, 73, 84, 88, 93, 97, 102, 111, 123, 136, 190, 195, 204, 216, 219
Westmorland, Earl of (see Neville, Ralph)
White Horse Inn, Leicester
White, William 257
Whitelaw, Archibald 31, 129
Whiteside, Mr 254
Whittlebury Forest 21
Wigmore, Edward de 118
Wigmore, Richard 118
William II 'Rufus', King of England 150
William of Worcester 29
Williamson, Audrey 172, 176
Willoughby, Sir Robert 219
Winchelsea, Earls of 176-7
Winchester, City of 257
Windsor Castle, Berks 37, 45-6, 137, 142, 235
Wolsey, Thomas, Cardinal 7, 192
Woodstock Palace, Oxon 143
286
287
Woodville (see Wydville)
Worcester, City of 152
Wren, Sir Christopher 254
Wright, Professor W. 255-8
Wycliffe, John 131
Wydville, Anthony, Earl Rivers 20, 40-1, 43, 49, 53-4, 58-60, 63, 64, 66, 68-9, 71, 73, 75-81, 85-6, 91-2, 95, 99, 102, 105, 121-3, 141, 143, 160, 164-5, 212
Wydville, Sir Edward 48, 75, 83, 93, 144, 228
Wydville, Elizabeth, Queen of England 19-25. 35. 38-46, 48, 50-5, 57-
68, 70-3, 77, 80, 82-5, 88, 90-2, 96, 98, 100-1, 104, 109-111, 117-19, 124, 126, 140, 144-5. 164-5, 168, 173, 176, 178, 181-2, 189-90, 193-4. 19S-8, 202-3, 205, 212-13, 222, 224, 228, 230, 232-4
Wydville, Emma de 19
Wydville family 19-20, 22, 39, 41, 43-5, 5i, 54-5, 57-8, 60-2, 64-6, 68-70, 72-5, 78-83, 86-7, 92, 96, 101-3, 111, 113, 124, 144-5, 164, 180, 182, 185, 189, 204, 214, 233
Wydville, Joan 20
Wydville, Sir John 20, 24, 44
Wydville, Katherine, Duchess of Buckingham and Bedford 22, 68, 137, 228
Wydville, Lionel, Bishop of Salisbury 22, 83, 108, 144, 155, 185, 188
Wydville, Richard (I) 19
Wydville, Richard (II), Earl Rivers 19-22, 24, 40-1, 44
Wydville, Richard (III) 144, 189, 228
Wydville, William de 19
York, City of 31, 56-7, 70-2, 101-2, 108, 113, 115, 122, 151, 155-7, 159, 166, 185, 200, 216
York Civic Records 31, 72, 122
York, Dukes of (see Edmund of Langley; Plantagenet Richard -- 2 entries; Henry VIII)
York, House of 17, 53, 56, 61, 67, 72, 111, 127, 155, 165, 184, 200, 203, 217, 219, 222, 226, 229, 232, 239, 246
York Place, Westminster 84
York Roll, The 5, 32, 34
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288
About the Author
Alison Weiris the author of The Six Wives of Henry VIII, Britain's Royal Families: The Complete Genealogy, The Wars of the Roses, The Children of Henry VIII, The Life of Elizabeth I, and Eleanor of Aquitaine. She lives in Surrey with her husband and two children.
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[Captions on pictures from the middle of the book]
1 above Richard III: early 17th century (?) copy of a portrait by an anonymous artist of c. 1518-23 in the Royal Collection. When this picture was painted the legend of the villainous 'crookbacked king' with one shoulder higher than the other was firmly established.
2 above right The earliest surviving portrait of Richard, dating from c. 1516-22 and almost certainly a copy of a lost original painted from life, shows no apparent deformity.
3 right The 'Broken Sword' portrait by an unknown artist, f.1533-43. X-rays show that drastic alterations were made later on, when Richard's reputation was rehabilitated, to give the deformed-looking king a more normal appearance.
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4 Edward IV: his son Edward. the elder of the two Princes, was 'his greatest joy'.
5 Elizabeth Wydville: 'everyone, as he was nearest of kin unto the Queen, was so planted next about the Prince, whereby her blood might of youth be rooted in the Prince's favour' (Sir Thomas More).