Medical ethic in the Renaissance …………………………………… 12
Medical error ……………………………………………………………… 14, 19
Medical error. An ethical problem………………………………..14
Ethical conduct, medical error and malpractice ……………….. 16
Possibilities of errors and risks in the medical act …………………. 22
Factors that can negatively influence ……………………………... 24
Related error in decision making…………………………………24
Medical and professional responsibility act …………………… 22
Limitations of human knowledge due to insufficient training…..24
The accelerated development and advancement of medical knowledge with poor practice……………………………………….. 24
Uncertainty in medical decision and technological innovation misapplied each factors in the wrong indication……………… 25
Consequences of medical mistakes ………………………………….. 26
Classification of medical errors………………………………………….. 27
General errors………………………………………………………………. 27
Diagnostic errors ...………………………………………………………... 27
Treatment errors .…………………………………………………….... ….27
Prevention errors ……………………………………………………….27
Common medical errors in medical practice…………………………… 28
Factors involved in medical diagnostics……………………….. 31
Lex artis. Dispraxis and malpractice ………………………………32
Medical dispraxis………………………………………………………..….. 34
Evidence of absence………………………………………………………. 34
Evidence of damage……………………………………………………….. 34
Causal relationship between them …………………………………. 34
Why does malpractice? .......................................................................... 34
Poor doctor - patient relationship……………………..………………….34
Erroneous development of a history……………………………..…... 35
Poor communication between the health team…………….…. 35
Disgraceful working conditions…………………………………………... 36
Inadequate monitoring of the patient………………………………….. 36
Differences between error and medical malpractice……………37
Iatrogenesis……………………………….…………………………….………… 37
Classification of iatrogenic ………………………………………………. 38
Iatrogenic positive……………………………………………………………. 38
Iatrogenic negative …………………………………………………………… 38
Malpractice and law of the practice medicine ……..…………… 41
The importance of the doctor-patient relationship ………… 42 - 43
Hippocratic oath…………………………………………………………… 42 - 43
Respect for the human person………………………………………… ….43
Respecting the duty of loyalty………………………………………. 43
The doctor-patient relationship is trust and compliance rules for the accuracy, such as in the researcher / subject, security and confidence……………………………………………………………………….. 43
Obligations and duties of the doctor……………………………….. 47
Disturbing elements of medical practice……………………………… 47
The aggressive patient ………………………………………………… 48
Age and sex ………………………………………………………………….. 49
Relationship with the environment……………………………………….. 49
Institutional factors…………………………………………………………… 50
Violence…………………………………………………………………………. 51
The secrets revealed by the autopsy…………………………………. 52
Clinical pathological differences according to Goldman´s classification…………………………………………………………………… 53
Defensive medicine …………………………………………………………54
Susceptibility to medical errors at intensive care units……….…….. 55
Mistakes in critically ill adults …………………………………………….. 56
Neurological emergencies ………………………………………………… 58
Table illustrates various diseases pointing diagnostic errors some common neurological emergencies………………………………….…. 60
Safety, failures and latent errors in anesthesia…………... 61
Errors in the administration of the anesthetic medication.. 61
Surgery : How to avoid medical errors ………………………….… 62
Medical errors in transfusional medicine………………………….. 63
Haemovigilance system …………………………………………………… 64
Immune reactions in transfusions…………………….…………..…64 - 67