15. Smith: Smith, Mercenaries, p.125.
Parkes: Smith, Mercenaries, p.125.
16. Lindley: Lindley, vol. 2, p.645.
17. Gordon: Jonathan Spence, To Change China (New York: Penguin Books, 1980), p.87 (hereafter Spence).
18. Gordon: Spence, pp.90–91.
the Chung Wang: Curwen, p.162.
19. Burgevine’s autopsy: Dr. Johnston to Markham, October 18, 1865, FO 17/432.
20. Tseng Kuo-fan: Warner, p.123.
21. Seward: S.E.D. 45:2:48, p.215.
Harry Ward to his father: record group 84, Legation Archives, Consulate Records, Shanghai, vol. 34, no. 225 (bound), p.819, National Archives.
22. Kung: Abend, p.221.
Shanghai taotai: Abend, p.238.
23. Foster and Lansing: in their The Claim of General Frederick T. Ward’s Estate Against the Chinese Government, Arising Out of His Military Services During the Taiping Rebellion, a copy of which can be found in the Essex Institute, Salem, Massachusetts (hereafter Foster and Lansing).
Foster and Lansing: Foster and Lansing, p.11.
24. one Salem citizen: Francis H. Lee, quoted in Rantoul, p.52.
25. a Nationalist Chinese general: Boston Herald, September 23, 1934.
Lindley on Ward: Lindley, vol. 2, p.585.
Hayes on Ward’s achievements: Hayes, “Soldier,” p.198.
26. Hayes on Ward’s ambitions: Hayes, “Chapter,” p.522.
ALSO BY CALEB CARR
Casing the Promised Land
America Invulnerable (with James Chase)
The Alienist
Frederick Townsend Ward, 1831–1862. Ward wears the blue Prince Albert that was his trademark, and holds a field cap. The scars of the wound suffered at the first battle of Ch’ing-p’u can be discerned on the left side of his jaw. (Courtesy of Essex Institute, Salem, Mass.)
Caleb Carr, The Devil Soldier
(Series: # )
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